Wall clock time and date at job start Thu Mar 4 2021 13:59:41 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= 0 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * DEV - DEVELOPER OPTIONS ARE ALLOWED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS USER-SPECIFIED * DIELEC - THE SOLVENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT IS 2.06 * IOFR - THE SOLVENT INDEX OF REFRACTION IS 1.4345 * ALPHA - THE SOLVENT ALPHA IS 0.00 * BETA - THE SOLVENT BETA IS 0.00 * GAMMA - THE SOLVENT MACROSCOPIC SURFACE TENSION IS * 38.93 CAL MOL^-1 ANGSTROM^-2 * FACARB - THE FRACTION OF AROMATIC CARBONS IS 0.00 * FEHALO - THE FRACTION OF ELECTRONEGATIVE HALOGENS IS 0.00 ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 O 2 2 C 1.42906 * 1 3 3 Si 1.86294 * 109.47367 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.50693 * 109.47000 * 120.00237 * 2 1 3 5 5 C 1.35012 * 126.42793 * 209.96969 * 4 2 1 6 6 N 1.33580 * 108.65698 * 180.02562 * 5 4 2 7 7 C 1.32417 * 109.22514 * 0.02562 * 6 5 4 8 8 C 1.41254 * 132.12277 * 180.02562 * 7 6 5 9 9 Br 1.89103 * 120.25218 * 359.97238 * 8 7 6 10 10 C 1.35699 * 119.48973 * 180.02562 * 8 7 6 11 11 C 1.41759 * 119.53670 * 359.97438 * 10 8 7 12 12 C 1.47577 * 120.01254 * 180.02562 * 11 10 8 13 13 O 1.21601 * 120.00101 * 179.97438 * 12 11 10 14 14 N 1.34767 * 120.00052 * 0.02562 * 12 11 10 15 15 C 1.46503 * 120.00198 * 180.02562 * 14 12 11 16 16 H 1.09004 * 112.84935 * 336.19131 * 15 14 12 17 17 C 1.53776 * 113.69317 * 107.46553 * 15 14 12 18 18 C 1.53775 * 87.08380 * 89.12498 * 17 15 14 19 19 H 1.08996 * 113.69638 * 270.87247 * 18 17 15 20 20 C 1.50706 * 113.61422 * 139.97826 * 18 17 15 21 21 C 1.38243 * 119.97405 * 322.50956 * 20 18 17 22 22 C 1.38286 * 120.11368 * 179.97438 * 21 20 18 23 23 C 1.38126 * 120.05473 * 359.97438 * 22 21 20 24 24 C 1.38754 * 119.94285 * 359.97438 * 23 22 21 25 25 O 1.35900 * 120.05364 * 180.02562 * 24 23 22 26 26 C 1.42899 * 116.99755 * 0.02562 * 25 24 23 27 27 F 1.39901 * 109.47228 * 60.00072 * 26 25 24 28 28 F 1.39908 * 109.46459 * 179.97438 * 26 25 24 29 29 F 1.39898 * 109.47263 * 299.99614 * 26 25 24 30 30 C 1.38162 * 119.97049 * 142.22462 * 20 18 17 31 31 C 1.53781 * 87.08212 * 25.43316 * 18 17 15 32 32 C 1.36496 * 119.97826 * 0.27574 * 11 10 8 33 33 N 1.35951 * 120.50447 * 359.44794 * 32 11 10 34 34 H 0.96703 * 113.99372 * 300.00355 * 1 2 3 35 35 H 1.09001 * 109.46894 * 239.99823 * 2 1 3 36 36 H 1.48506 * 109.99992 * 300.00310 * 3 2 1 37 37 H 1.48503 * 109.99957 * 61.31847 * 3 2 1 38 38 H 1.07998 * 125.66853 * 0.02562 * 5 4 2 39 39 H 1.07996 * 120.23548 * 180.02562 * 10 8 7 40 40 H 0.97003 * 120.00216 * 359.97438 * 14 12 11 41 41 H 1.09007 * 113.61205 * 334.57461 * 17 15 14 42 42 H 1.08996 * 113.61321 * 203.67871 * 17 15 14 43 43 H 1.08001 * 119.93908 * 359.97057 * 21 20 18 44 44 H 1.07992 * 119.97036 * 179.97438 * 22 21 20 45 45 H 1.07993 * 120.02539 * 179.97438 * 23 22 21 46 46 H 1.07998 * 120.02612 * 0.02737 * 30 20 18 47 47 H 1.09003 * 113.61408 * 89.11340 * 31 18 17 48 48 H 1.08996 * 113.61907 * 220.01712 * 31 18 17 49 49 H 1.07998 * 119.75241 * 179.69951 * 32 11 10 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 8 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 6 1.4291 0.0000 0.0000 3 14 2.0501 1.7564 0.0000 4 6 1.9313 -0.7104 1.2304 5 6 3.0858 -0.4616 1.8847 6 7 3.1771 -1.2969 2.9231 7 6 2.1075 -2.0772 2.9503 8 6 1.7130 -3.1137 3.8251 9 35 2.8135 -3.5995 5.2842 10 6 0.5387 -3.7588 3.6098 11 6 -0.2741 -3.3825 2.5110 12 6 -1.5534 -4.0766 2.2674 13 8 -2.2507 -3.7533 1.3251 14 7 -1.9495 -5.0681 3.0898 15 6 -3.2192 -5.7575 2.8476 16 1 -3.9256 -5.1553 2.2761 17 6 -3.0526 -7.1883 2.3092 18 6 -3.0193 -7.6520 3.7750 19 1 -2.0198 -7.6589 4.2096 20 6 -3.7728 -8.9340 4.0198 21 6 -4.9543 -9.1803 3.3456 22 6 -5.6478 -10.3559 3.5677 23 6 -5.1609 -11.2875 4.4638 24 6 -3.9748 -11.0431 5.1410 25 8 -3.4935 -11.9584 6.0227 26 6 -4.2601 -13.1508 6.2033 27 9 -4.3677 -13.8254 4.9824 28 9 -3.6250 -13.9763 7.1374 29 9 -5.5375 -12.8182 6.6665 30 6 -3.2791 -9.8648 4.9136 31 6 -3.8285 -6.3882 4.1110 32 6 0.1294 -2.3814 1.6755 33 7 1.3031 -1.7311 1.8940 34 1 -0.3932 0.4418 0.7651 35 1 1.7924 -0.5139 -0.8900 36 1 1.5615 2.4679 -1.2085 37 1 1.5880 2.4585 1.2243 38 1 3.8143 0.2881 1.6136 39 1 0.2252 -4.5527 4.2713 40 1 -1.3934 -5.3257 3.8418 41 1 -2.1137 -7.3487 1.7790 42 1 -3.9193 -7.5503 1.7562 43 1 -5.3363 -8.4532 2.6443 44 1 -6.5707 -10.5457 3.0401 45 1 -5.7031 -12.2052 4.6372 46 1 -2.3540 -9.6737 5.4369 47 1 -4.9073 -6.5315 4.0506 48 1 -3.5161 -5.9027 5.0355 49 1 -0.4904 -2.1010 0.8367 There are 81 doubly filled levels RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 81 No. of singly occupied orbitals= 1 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) F: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR AND E. G. ZOEBISCH, THEOCHEM, 180, 1 (1988). Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). Br: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR AND E. G. ZOEBISCH, THEOCHEM, 180, 1 (1988). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=0 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=GENORG IOFR=1.4345 ALPHA=0.00 BETA=0.00 GAMMA=38.93 & DIELEC=2.06 FACARB=0.00 FEHALO=0.00 DEV m_22_10860230_12335884.mol2 49 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Thu Mar 4 2021 13:59:41 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -97.755498 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -43067.887615 eV Core-core repulsion = 36788.847782 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -6279.039833 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 81 and no. of open levels = 1 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 512.039 amu Computer time = 1.74 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -51.47436 -49.18521 -49.07551 -44.27468 -41.98356 -41.23667 -40.12990 -38.63930 -38.32169 -38.00018 -35.47092 -34.70889 -32.74272 -32.19299 -31.82224 -31.22967 -30.27526 -27.32790 -27.00735 -26.94958 -26.64844 -25.32852 -24.11677 -24.00328 -23.12601 -22.62003 -22.11315 -21.12633 -20.19526 -20.09865 -19.86122 -19.61275 -18.74569 -18.34402 -18.01358 -17.82547 -17.54493 -17.23132 -17.15541 -16.53709 -16.37567 -16.29908 -16.25031 -16.05743 -15.97765 -15.83773 -15.76156 -15.63276 -15.56079 -15.47784 -15.27449 -15.18901 -15.11710 -14.91456 -14.72274 -14.57168 -14.29207 -14.15194 -14.07724 -13.75639 -13.51830 -13.39291 -13.11231 -12.96392 -12.93643 -12.87569 -12.81206 -12.18112 -12.02655 -11.92128 -11.55156 -11.51623 -11.39251 -11.33922 -11.23780 -11.13794 -10.36673 -10.05584 -10.03317 -9.66123 -9.10935 -5.13797 -0.92192 -0.42810 0.00854 0.12664 0.17683 0.40780 0.85249 1.09346 1.31799 1.51031 1.76580 1.77980 1.79443 1.89209 2.20412 2.39407 2.71961 2.74486 2.85669 2.94151 3.05999 3.18685 3.28782 3.36276 3.40193 3.40793 3.46633 3.51580 3.66598 3.75720 3.80752 3.88068 4.03179 4.03625 4.09138 4.17886 4.24264 4.28310 4.34539 4.42023 4.43244 4.51344 4.61888 4.66986 4.77392 4.79611 4.87052 4.91122 4.92867 5.14197 5.24444 5.25032 5.27999 5.42747 5.55128 5.78261 6.00147 6.13800 6.49424 6.86746 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 O -0.531 6.531 2 C -0.045 4.045 3 Si 0.718 3.282 4 C -0.086 4.086 5 C 0.052 3.948 6 N -0.460 5.460 7 C 0.243 3.757 8 C -0.061 4.061 9 Br 0.010 6.990 10 C -0.043 4.043 11 C -0.173 4.173 12 C 0.580 3.420 13 O -0.525 6.525 14 N -0.705 5.705 15 C 0.120 3.880 16 H 0.111 0.889 17 C -0.143 4.143 18 C -0.076 4.076 19 H 0.102 0.898 20 C -0.035 4.035 21 C -0.133 4.133 22 C -0.074 4.074 23 C -0.194 4.194 24 C 0.107 3.893 25 O -0.311 6.311 26 C 0.604 3.396 27 F -0.164 7.164 28 F -0.130 7.130 29 F -0.164 7.164 30 C -0.120 4.120 31 C -0.134 4.134 32 C 0.164 3.836 33 N -0.355 5.355 34 H 0.379 0.621 35 H 0.128 0.872 36 H -0.248 1.248 37 H -0.254 1.254 38 H 0.197 0.803 39 H 0.154 0.846 40 H 0.402 0.598 41 H 0.078 0.922 42 H 0.100 0.900 43 H 0.133 0.867 44 H 0.135 0.865 45 H 0.133 0.867 46 H 0.138 0.862 47 H 0.103 0.897 48 H 0.081 0.919 49 H 0.194 0.806 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -0.267 1.233 -0.559 1.380 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 O -0.337 6.337 2 C -0.154 4.154 3 Si 0.615 3.385 4 C -0.197 4.197 5 C -0.098 4.098 6 N -0.178 5.178 7 C -0.003 4.003 8 C -0.144 4.144 9 Br 0.095 6.905 10 C -0.069 4.069 11 C -0.180 4.180 12 C 0.366 3.634 13 O -0.401 6.401 14 N -0.356 5.356 15 C 0.014 3.986 16 H 0.129 0.871 17 C -0.181 4.181 18 C -0.094 4.094 19 H 0.120 0.880 20 C -0.035 4.035 21 C -0.151 4.151 22 C -0.092 4.092 23 C -0.212 4.212 24 C 0.065 3.935 25 O -0.231 6.231 26 C 0.514 3.486 27 F -0.146 7.146 28 F -0.111 7.111 29 F -0.146 7.146 30 C -0.139 4.139 31 C -0.172 4.172 32 C 0.037 3.963 33 N -0.028 5.028 34 H 0.227 0.773 35 H 0.146 0.854 36 H -0.172 1.172 37 H -0.178 1.178 38 H 0.214 0.786 39 H 0.171 0.829 40 H 0.238 0.762 41 H 0.097 0.903 42 H 0.118 0.882 43 H 0.151 0.849 44 H 0.153 0.847 45 H 0.151 0.849 46 H 0.156 0.844 47 H 0.121 0.879 48 H 0.099 0.901 49 H 0.210 0.790 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges 0.336 1.834 -0.617 1.964 hybrid contribution -1.817 -0.882 0.207 2.031 sum -1.482 0.951 -0.411 1.808 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.86616 1.17570 1.79744 1.49791 1.24877 0.83866 1.11282 0.95386 0.94587 0.90939 0.71751 0.81187 1.22090 0.98437 0.96819 1.02370 1.22440 0.95765 0.99838 0.91787 1.70869 1.19060 1.06969 1.20907 1.20449 0.89685 0.99351 0.90783 1.20462 0.97622 0.98622 0.97660 1.96870 1.66280 1.90571 1.36755 1.21068 0.91483 0.98334 0.96063 1.19227 0.98392 1.01437 0.98985 1.17471 0.84227 0.79375 0.82308 1.90869 1.54753 1.65012 1.29476 1.45474 1.22845 1.36109 1.31202 1.21908 0.85530 0.93145 0.97970 0.87093 1.23592 1.04029 0.95077 0.95432 1.21663 0.99048 0.90818 0.97873 0.87958 1.19476 0.94723 0.94642 0.94698 1.21098 0.95262 0.97913 1.00832 1.20980 0.99471 0.92762 0.95942 1.21574 0.96395 1.02467 1.00794 1.18683 0.94504 0.89192 0.91102 1.86425 1.48874 1.27018 1.60804 1.19338 0.75178 0.78952 0.75142 1.93313 1.95547 1.81056 1.44721 1.93332 1.82524 1.70207 1.65054 1.93312 1.40277 1.92113 1.88930 1.20295 1.01282 0.91245 1.01063 1.23451 1.01111 0.94695 0.97970 1.22158 0.85273 0.90084 0.98751 1.42641 1.15102 1.23837 1.21260 0.77314 0.85440 1.17211 1.17846 0.78618 0.82865 0.76180 0.90309 0.88192 0.84937 0.84737 0.84886 0.84406 0.87883 0.90077 0.78950 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 13. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 O -0.53 0.30 10.91 -35.23 -0.38 -0.08 16 2 C -0.04 0.08 3.06 36.00 0.11 0.19 16 3 Si 0.72 -2.05 31.18 -169.99 -5.30 -7.35 16 4 C -0.09 0.01 6.24 -81.43 -0.51 -0.50 16 5 C 0.05 0.00 10.44 -17.94 -0.19 -0.18 16 6 N -0.46 -1.38 11.30 -12.70 -0.14 -1.52 16 7 C 0.24 0.57 7.59 -155.91 -1.18 -0.61 16 8 C -0.06 -0.05 6.24 -39.34 -0.25 -0.29 16 9 Br 0.01 0.01 33.72 -68.01 -2.29 -2.29 16 10 C -0.04 0.07 9.26 -39.15 -0.36 -0.30 16 11 C -0.17 0.09 5.84 -105.37 -0.61 -0.52 16 12 C 0.58 -0.02 7.76 -12.46 -0.10 -0.11 16 13 O -0.52 -1.81 15.87 5.28 0.08 -1.72 16 14 N -0.70 1.99 5.22 -54.04 -0.28 1.71 16 15 C 0.12 -0.34 4.32 -67.12 -0.29 -0.63 16 16 H 0.11 -0.15 7.46 -51.93 -0.39 -0.54 16 17 C -0.14 0.45 7.25 -25.92 -0.19 0.27 16 18 C -0.08 0.28 3.86 -90.96 -0.35 -0.07 16 19 H 0.10 -0.48 8.09 -51.93 -0.42 -0.90 16 20 C -0.04 0.07 5.29 -104.65 -0.55 -0.49 16 21 C -0.13 0.27 8.61 -39.56 -0.34 -0.07 16 22 C -0.07 0.09 10.04 -39.60 -0.40 -0.31 16 23 C -0.19 -0.04 8.26 -39.43 -0.33 -0.37 16 24 C 0.11 0.09 6.48 -39.22 -0.25 -0.16 16 25 O -0.31 -0.46 10.37 -19.43 -0.20 -0.66 16 26 C 0.60 0.56 3.42 101.05 0.35 0.90 16 27 F -0.16 -0.16 15.56 2.25 0.04 -0.13 16 28 F -0.13 -0.16 17.53 2.25 0.04 -0.12 16 29 F -0.16 -0.15 15.56 2.25 0.04 -0.12 16 30 C -0.12 0.08 9.65 -39.43 -0.38 -0.30 16 31 C -0.13 0.56 7.29 -25.92 -0.19 0.37 16 32 C 0.16 0.06 9.91 -16.35 -0.16 -0.10 16 33 N -0.36 -0.39 2.93 -58.09 -0.17 -0.56 16 34 H 0.38 -1.06 8.70 45.56 0.40 -0.67 16 35 H 0.13 -0.35 7.96 -51.93 -0.41 -0.76 16 36 H -0.25 -0.05 7.11 56.52 0.40 0.35 16 37 H -0.25 0.04 7.11 56.52 0.40 0.44 16 38 H 0.20 -0.74 6.90 -52.49 -0.36 -1.10 16 39 H 0.15 -0.72 6.44 -52.49 -0.34 -1.06 16 40 H 0.40 -2.09 6.74 -40.82 -0.27 -2.37 16 41 H 0.08 -0.18 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.60 16 42 H 0.10 -0.35 6.31 -51.93 -0.33 -0.68 16 43 H 0.13 -0.51 6.65 -52.49 -0.35 -0.85 16 44 H 0.13 -0.41 8.06 -52.49 -0.42 -0.84 16 45 H 0.13 -0.02 5.10 -52.49 -0.27 -0.29 16 46 H 0.14 -0.27 8.05 -52.49 -0.42 -0.70 16 47 H 0.10 -0.44 7.72 -51.93 -0.40 -0.84 16 48 H 0.08 -0.37 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.79 16 49 H 0.19 0.07 6.20 -52.49 -0.33 -0.26 16 LS Contribution 441.87 15.07 6.66 6.66 Total: 0.00 -9.49 441.87 -12.46 -21.95 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: -8.10 SS G_CDS: -4.36 Total: -12.46 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: 2.87 SS G_CDS: -6.17 Total: -3.30 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: 0.22 SS G_CDS: -0.60 Total: -0.37 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -1.97 SS G_CDS: -0.50 Total: -2.47 kcal Atomic # 9 Polarization: -0.47 SS G_CDS: 0.11 Total: -0.36 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: -2.05 SS G_CDS: -5.30 Total: -7.35 kcal Atomic # 35 Polarization: 0.01 SS G_CDS: -2.29 Total: -2.29 kcal Total LS contribution 6.66 Total: 6.66 kcal Total: -9.49 -12.46 -21.95 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 49 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. m_22_10860230_12335884.mol2 49 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -75.807 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -9.492 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -85.298 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy -12.457 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -21.949 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -97.755 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.74 seconds