Wall clock time and date at job start Thu Mar 4 2021 15:30:49 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= 0 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS WATER ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 C 2 2 C 1.50702 * 1 3 3 C 1.36412 * 125.80339 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.47379 * 127.19053 * 0.02562 * 3 2 1 5 5 O 1.21616 * 120.00277 * 359.70647 * 4 3 2 6 6 N 1.34778 * 119.99870 * 179.70842 * 4 3 2 7 7 C 1.46504 * 120.00003 * 180.02562 * 6 4 3 8 8 C 1.52991 * 109.47423 * 179.97438 * 7 6 4 9 9 F 1.39905 * 112.90701 * 316.24828 * 8 7 6 10 10 C 1.53784 * 113.61515 * 87.50005 * 8 7 6 11 11 C 1.53787 * 87.07784 * 139.98443 * 10 8 7 12 12 H 1.08995 * 113.68951 * 89.13473 * 11 10 8 13 13 C 1.52997 * 113.60922 * 220.01617 * 11 10 8 14 14 N 1.46499 * 109.47551 * 272.50073 * 13 11 10 15 15 C 1.34777 * 120.00199 * 180.02562 * 14 13 11 16 16 O 1.21513 * 119.99898 * 359.97438 * 15 14 13 17 17 O 1.34638 * 119.99834 * 180.27541 * 15 14 13 18 18 C 1.45201 * 116.99819 * 179.72501 * 17 15 14 19 19 C 1.52997 * 109.47346 * 59.99666 * 18 17 15 20 20 C 1.53000 * 109.47187 * 179.97438 * 18 17 15 21 21 C 1.52997 * 109.46698 * 299.99554 * 18 17 15 22 22 C 1.53780 * 113.61582 * 185.00081 * 8 7 6 23 23 C 1.47017 * 105.61774 * 179.75240 * 3 2 1 24 24 C 1.34178 * 105.95427 * 0.22601 * 23 3 2 25 25 C 1.50703 * 125.44098 * 180.02562 * 24 23 3 26 26 O 1.42906 * 109.46950 * 300.00234 * 25 24 23 27 27 Si 1.86298 * 109.47318 * 180.02562 * 25 24 23 28 28 O 1.33649 * 125.80145 * 180.14019 * 2 1 3 29 29 H 1.09004 * 109.46577 * 90.00098 * 1 2 3 30 30 H 1.08995 * 109.47118 * 209.99805 * 1 2 3 31 31 H 1.09000 * 109.47300 * 330.00201 * 1 2 3 32 32 H 0.96992 * 120.00203 * 359.97438 * 6 4 3 33 33 H 1.09005 * 109.47098 * 59.99198 * 7 6 4 34 34 H 1.09001 * 109.46947 * 299.99822 * 7 6 4 35 35 H 1.08998 * 113.61477 * 25.43403 * 10 8 7 36 36 H 1.09001 * 113.61197 * 254.52804 * 10 8 7 37 37 H 1.08998 * 109.47059 * 152.49834 * 13 11 10 38 38 H 1.09002 * 109.47542 * 32.50268 * 13 11 10 39 39 H 0.97001 * 120.00074 * 359.97438 * 14 13 11 40 40 H 1.08997 * 109.47392 * 59.99802 * 19 18 17 41 41 H 1.08999 * 109.47056 * 180.02562 * 19 18 17 42 42 H 1.08999 * 109.47175 * 299.99773 * 19 18 17 43 43 H 1.08997 * 109.47042 * 59.99813 * 20 18 17 44 44 H 1.08999 * 109.47303 * 179.97438 * 20 18 17 45 45 H 1.09003 * 109.46990 * 300.00104 * 20 18 17 46 46 H 1.08999 * 109.47400 * 60.00485 * 21 18 17 47 47 H 1.09013 * 109.46945 * 180.02562 * 21 18 17 48 48 H 1.08997 * 109.47343 * 300.00072 * 21 18 17 49 49 H 1.08997 * 113.61710 * 105.47083 * 22 8 7 50 50 H 1.08995 * 113.61686 * 334.56210 * 22 8 7 51 51 H 1.08005 * 127.02753 * 180.20523 * 23 3 2 52 52 H 1.09006 * 109.46980 * 59.99773 * 25 24 23 53 53 H 0.96695 * 113.99793 * 180.02562 * 26 25 24 54 54 H 1.48493 * 110.00067 * 59.99559 * 27 25 24 55 55 H 1.48503 * 109.99903 * 181.31949 * 27 25 24 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 6 1.5070 0.0000 0.0000 3 6 2.3050 1.1063 0.0000 4 6 1.8740 2.5157 0.0005 5 8 0.6890 2.7892 -0.0044 6 7 2.7931 3.5015 0.0064 7 6 2.3646 4.9024 0.0075 8 6 3.5948 5.8120 0.0151 9 9 4.5820 5.3853 0.9099 10 6 4.1331 6.1319 -1.3894 11 6 4.3715 7.5653 -0.8857 12 1 5.3527 7.7135 -0.4349 13 6 4.0215 8.6424 -1.9144 14 7 5.1844 8.8994 -2.7675 15 6 5.1087 9.8171 -3.7516 16 8 4.0756 10.4311 -3.9316 17 8 6.1758 10.0493 -4.5391 18 6 6.0203 11.0470 -5.5825 19 6 5.6745 12.3967 -4.9502 20 6 7.3277 11.1721 -6.3674 21 6 4.8951 10.6240 -6.5290 22 6 3.2550 7.3066 0.1397 23 6 3.6849 0.5990 0.0061 24 6 3.5859 -0.7391 0.0041 25 6 4.7459 -1.7012 0.0091 26 8 5.5488 -1.4853 -1.1532 27 14 4.1026 -3.4496 0.0029 28 8 2.2888 -1.0840 -0.0027 29 1 -0.3632 0.0000 -1.0277 30 1 -0.3633 -0.8900 0.5138 31 1 -0.3634 0.8900 0.5138 32 1 3.7382 3.2834 0.0106 33 1 1.7631 5.0978 0.8953 34 1 1.7707 5.1014 -0.8846 35 1 3.3779 6.0642 -2.1724 36 1 5.0505 5.5981 -1.6374 37 1 3.7398 9.5600 -1.3980 38 1 3.1885 8.3010 -2.5289 39 1 6.0092 8.4096 -2.6236 40 1 6.4761 12.6980 -4.2759 41 1 5.5574 13.1455 -5.7336 42 1 4.7433 12.3079 -4.3909 43 1 7.5744 10.2107 -6.8179 44 1 7.2109 11.9207 -7.1510 45 1 8.1290 11.4736 -5.6928 46 1 3.9639 10.5352 -5.9696 47 1 4.7787 11.3728 -7.3126 48 1 5.1415 9.6625 -6.9794 49 1 3.4635 7.7211 1.1259 50 1 2.2598 7.5601 -0.2253 51 1 4.5929 1.1839 0.0109 52 1 5.3489 -1.5386 0.9026 53 1 6.3152 -2.0715 -1.2161 54 1 3.2792 -3.6835 -1.2104 55 1 5.2364 -4.4080 0.0400 There are 75 doubly filled levels RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 75 No. of singly occupied orbitals= 1 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) F: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR AND E. G. ZOEBISCH, THEOCHEM, 180, 1 (1988). Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=0 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=WATER m_22_16498590_13308374.mol2 55 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Thu Mar 4 2021 15:30:49 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -156.074416 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -37569.608507 eV Core-core repulsion = 32297.571243 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -5272.037264 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 75 and no. of open levels = 1 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 399.198 amu Computer time = 1.76 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -48.86056 -43.79123 -41.83241 -40.64449 -39.82405 -38.25882 -38.09217 -36.12856 -35.51252 -34.73235 -34.16805 -33.22935 -30.50262 -29.38829 -28.38847 -28.32335 -27.68672 -27.01076 -25.64679 -24.17770 -23.42698 -22.46839 -21.98459 -21.38558 -20.79608 -20.45188 -19.17389 -18.88463 -18.50441 -17.74961 -17.46125 -17.41215 -17.33483 -17.16952 -16.90644 -16.57095 -16.35694 -16.08476 -15.93431 -15.77622 -15.67596 -15.46314 -15.42059 -15.00987 -14.75358 -14.47542 -14.20754 -14.17960 -14.10141 -13.99211 -13.93985 -13.81944 -13.66558 -13.36555 -13.33081 -13.14504 -13.13344 -12.93540 -12.88685 -12.66059 -12.55193 -12.37693 -12.20121 -12.16069 -12.07474 -11.52143 -11.41283 -11.36217 -11.17044 -11.09708 -10.97967 -10.65334 -10.25755 -10.22992 -9.58556 -4.95184 0.19169 0.77643 1.14909 1.16458 1.33920 1.66126 1.73536 1.92732 2.02405 2.19749 3.01322 3.10508 3.16171 3.20890 3.26297 3.46838 3.49793 3.54950 3.71060 3.72220 3.72557 3.77546 3.92491 4.03919 4.11260 4.22581 4.28178 4.35386 4.44118 4.49224 4.55738 4.58958 4.59173 4.60501 4.64872 4.65626 4.71300 4.73281 4.74436 4.78916 4.81540 4.85621 4.87407 4.90290 4.98153 5.05998 5.09967 5.19655 5.20207 5.25008 5.26283 5.32400 5.40485 5.57240 5.87827 6.35494 6.36320 6.50866 7.05660 7.31403 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.084 4.084 2 C 0.087 3.913 3 C -0.271 4.271 4 C 0.592 3.408 5 O -0.569 6.569 6 N -0.713 5.713 7 C 0.112 3.888 8 C 0.081 3.919 9 F -0.195 7.195 10 C -0.146 4.146 11 C -0.111 4.111 12 H 0.113 0.887 13 C 0.150 3.850 14 N -0.700 5.700 15 C 0.641 3.359 16 O -0.595 6.595 17 O -0.370 6.370 18 C 0.127 3.873 19 C -0.180 4.180 20 C -0.138 4.138 21 C -0.180 4.180 22 C -0.133 4.133 23 C -0.148 4.148 24 C -0.022 4.022 25 C -0.038 4.038 26 O -0.553 6.553 27 Si 0.765 3.235 28 O -0.173 6.173 29 H 0.096 0.904 30 H 0.103 0.897 31 H 0.100 0.900 32 H 0.411 0.589 33 H 0.077 0.923 34 H 0.095 0.905 35 H 0.110 0.890 36 H 0.089 0.911 37 H 0.071 0.929 38 H 0.073 0.927 39 H 0.417 0.583 40 H 0.062 0.938 41 H 0.086 0.914 42 H 0.063 0.937 43 H 0.069 0.931 44 H 0.098 0.902 45 H 0.069 0.931 46 H 0.064 0.936 47 H 0.086 0.914 48 H 0.061 0.939 49 H 0.094 0.906 50 H 0.121 0.879 51 H 0.175 0.825 52 H 0.131 0.869 53 H 0.406 0.594 54 H -0.312 1.312 55 H -0.262 1.262 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges 4.857 -1.685 2.221 5.600 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.140 4.140 2 C 0.033 3.967 3 C -0.276 4.276 4 C 0.381 3.619 5 O -0.451 6.451 6 N -0.365 5.365 7 C -0.012 4.012 8 C 0.063 3.937 9 F -0.175 7.175 10 C -0.183 4.183 11 C -0.129 4.129 12 H 0.131 0.869 13 C 0.028 3.972 14 N -0.360 5.360 15 C 0.395 3.605 16 O -0.486 6.486 17 O -0.285 6.285 18 C 0.091 3.909 19 C -0.237 4.237 20 C -0.195 4.195 21 C -0.237 4.237 22 C -0.172 4.172 23 C -0.168 4.168 24 C -0.069 4.069 25 C -0.147 4.147 26 O -0.366 6.366 27 Si 0.669 3.331 28 O -0.070 6.070 29 H 0.114 0.886 30 H 0.122 0.878 31 H 0.119 0.881 32 H 0.248 0.752 33 H 0.095 0.905 34 H 0.113 0.887 35 H 0.128 0.872 36 H 0.108 0.892 37 H 0.089 0.911 38 H 0.091 0.909 39 H 0.253 0.747 40 H 0.081 0.919 41 H 0.105 0.895 42 H 0.082 0.918 43 H 0.088 0.912 44 H 0.117 0.883 45 H 0.088 0.912 46 H 0.082 0.918 47 H 0.105 0.895 48 H 0.080 0.920 49 H 0.113 0.887 50 H 0.139 0.861 51 H 0.192 0.808 52 H 0.148 0.852 53 H 0.259 0.741 54 H -0.240 1.240 55 H -0.187 1.187 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges 3.060 -1.748 1.574 3.860 hybrid contribution 1.800 0.046 -0.600 1.898 sum 4.860 -1.702 0.974 5.241 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.20733 0.82200 1.05927 1.05140 1.23279 0.94872 0.82801 0.95704 1.21195 0.94169 0.93588 1.18604 1.17273 0.85098 0.84266 0.75265 1.90760 1.17623 1.84486 1.52217 1.45554 1.10303 1.05613 1.75035 1.21909 0.95766 0.79170 1.04305 1.22093 0.85982 0.95263 0.90382 1.92858 1.63574 1.91207 1.69885 1.23810 1.03512 0.96026 0.94959 1.22703 1.01013 0.93370 0.95827 0.86923 1.21378 0.86524 0.98696 0.90626 1.44727 1.18213 1.40607 1.32454 1.18374 0.81902 0.80282 0.79984 1.90913 1.31587 1.52798 1.73313 1.86309 1.38906 1.58999 1.44272 1.22347 0.98094 0.85790 0.84696 1.22472 1.02801 0.96021 1.02418 1.21891 0.93903 1.03861 0.99830 1.22473 0.98889 1.02616 0.99738 1.23567 1.00930 0.91441 1.01216 1.22747 0.96456 0.93626 1.03933 1.21476 0.82343 0.94849 1.08278 1.23975 0.90603 1.07887 0.92241 1.86502 1.43211 1.63259 1.43581 0.93630 0.80721 0.72106 0.86670 1.83652 1.16649 1.35165 1.71580 0.88580 0.87834 0.88133 0.75213 0.90514 0.88692 0.87154 0.89220 0.91090 0.90919 0.74669 0.91919 0.89494 0.91771 0.91219 0.88340 0.91157 0.91755 0.89499 0.91986 0.88727 0.86092 0.80801 0.85201 0.74093 1.24013 1.18677 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 15. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 C -0.08 -0.10 9.89 71.24 0.70 0.60 16 2 C 0.09 0.47 7.37 25.26 0.19 0.66 16 3 C -0.27 -1.63 6.31 -18.99 -0.12 -1.75 16 4 C 0.59 4.17 7.81 86.65 0.68 4.85 16 5 O -0.57 -7.00 14.85 -4.08 -0.06 -7.06 16 6 N -0.71 -0.93 5.45 -466.41 -2.54 -3.47 16 7 C 0.11 -0.17 5.42 86.38 0.47 0.30 16 8 C 0.08 -0.39 1.74 -10.27 -0.02 -0.40 16 9 F -0.19 0.10 16.58 44.97 0.75 0.85 16 10 C -0.15 1.03 7.08 31.12 0.22 1.25 16 11 C -0.11 0.83 3.73 -10.27 -0.04 0.79 16 12 H 0.11 -0.91 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.93 16 13 C 0.15 -0.55 5.51 86.38 0.48 -0.08 16 14 N -0.70 0.68 5.56 -590.85 -3.29 -2.60 16 15 C 0.64 3.91 8.06 129.79 1.05 4.96 16 16 O -0.59 -6.89 11.88 19.80 0.24 -6.65 16 17 O -0.37 -1.94 9.94 -55.48 -0.55 -2.49 16 18 C 0.13 0.37 1.13 -10.80 -0.01 0.36 16 19 C -0.18 -0.57 8.37 71.98 0.60 0.03 16 20 C -0.14 0.28 8.85 71.98 0.64 0.92 16 21 C -0.18 -0.59 8.37 71.98 0.60 0.01 16 22 C -0.13 0.99 7.10 31.12 0.22 1.21 16 23 C -0.15 -0.41 10.46 23.65 0.25 -0.17 16 24 C -0.02 -0.07 6.24 24.76 0.15 0.09 16 25 C -0.04 0.10 2.97 71.24 0.21 0.31 16 26 O -0.55 0.53 12.84 -148.98 -1.91 -1.39 16 27 Si 0.76 -1.69 32.08 68.60 2.20 0.51 16 28 O -0.17 -0.85 8.89 4.49 0.04 -0.81 16 29 H 0.10 0.02 8.14 -2.38 -0.02 0.00 16 30 H 0.10 -0.34 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.36 16 31 H 0.10 0.38 6.49 -2.39 -0.02 0.36 16 32 H 0.41 -0.68 7.20 -92.71 -0.67 -1.35 16 33 H 0.08 0.01 8.14 -2.38 -0.02 -0.01 16 34 H 0.09 -0.20 7.84 -2.39 -0.02 -0.22 16 35 H 0.11 -0.83 7.65 -2.39 -0.02 -0.84 16 36 H 0.09 -0.65 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.67 16 37 H 0.07 -0.14 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.16 16 38 H 0.07 -0.18 7.84 -2.39 -0.02 -0.20 16 39 H 0.42 -2.18 8.58 -92.71 -0.80 -2.97 16 40 H 0.06 0.15 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 0.13 16 41 H 0.09 -0.02 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.04 16 42 H 0.06 0.54 5.88 -2.39 -0.01 0.53 16 43 H 0.07 -0.16 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.18 16 44 H 0.10 -0.52 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.54 16 45 H 0.07 -0.16 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.18 16 46 H 0.06 0.55 5.88 -2.39 -0.01 0.53 16 47 H 0.09 -0.01 8.14 -2.38 -0.02 -0.03 16 48 H 0.06 0.16 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 0.14 16 49 H 0.09 -0.69 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.71 16 50 H 0.12 -1.15 8.06 -2.39 -0.02 -1.17 16 51 H 0.17 -0.32 7.74 -2.91 -0.02 -0.34 16 52 H 0.13 -1.17 7.96 -2.38 -0.02 -1.19 16 53 H 0.41 -4.05 8.74 -74.06 -0.65 -4.70 16 54 H -0.31 -2.49 7.11 99.48 0.71 -1.78 16 55 H -0.26 0.18 7.11 99.48 0.71 0.89 16 Total: 0.00 -25.15 452.55 0.01 -25.14 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: -14.84 SS G_CDS: -1.13 Total: -15.97 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: 7.68 SS G_CDS: 6.27 Total: 13.94 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: -0.24 SS G_CDS: -5.83 Total: -6.07 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -16.16 SS G_CDS: -2.25 Total: -18.41 kcal Atomic # 9 Polarization: 0.10 SS G_CDS: 0.75 Total: 0.85 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: -1.69 SS G_CDS: 2.20 Total: 0.51 kcal Total: -25.15 0.01 -25.14 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 55 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. m_22_16498590_13308374.mol2 55 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -130.933 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -25.149 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -156.083 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy 0.008 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -25.141 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -156.074 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.76 seconds