Wall clock time and date at job start Sat Mar 6 2021 11:50:25 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= 0 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS WATER ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 C 2 2 O 1.42899 * 1 3 3 C 1.35989 * 117.00593 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.38560 * 120.06184 * 0.02562 * 3 2 1 5 5 C 1.38278 * 120.01613 * 179.97438 * 4 3 2 6 6 C 1.50703 * 119.92089 * 179.97438 * 5 4 3 7 7 O 1.42896 * 109.47055 * 300.00204 * 6 5 4 8 8 Si 1.86304 * 109.46911 * 180.02562 * 6 5 4 9 9 C 1.38209 * 120.15800 * 0.25593 * 5 4 3 10 10 C 1.38378 * 120.12953 * 359.48492 * 9 5 4 11 11 Cl 1.73602 * 120.01189 * 180.25798 * 10 9 5 12 12 C 1.38624 * 119.97880 * 0.51481 * 10 9 5 13 13 O 1.36022 * 120.07722 * 179.72569 * 12 10 9 14 14 C 1.42900 * 116.99852 * 270.02047 * 13 12 10 15 15 C 1.53000 * 109.47401 * 89.99800 * 14 13 12 16 16 C 1.50701 * 109.47247 * 210.00082 * 14 13 12 17 17 O 1.21277 * 119.99908 * 359.97438 * 16 14 13 18 18 N 1.34772 * 119.99941 * 179.97438 * 16 14 13 19 19 C 1.46504 * 119.99898 * 179.97438 * 18 16 14 20 20 H 1.09001 * 112.85000 * 334.67140 * 19 18 16 21 21 C 1.53783 * 113.61344 * 105.86690 * 19 18 16 22 22 C 1.54052 * 86.98476 * 89.16147 * 21 19 18 23 23 H 1.08993 * 113.61732 * 270.88360 * 22 21 19 24 24 C 1.50704 * 113.69502 * 139.98937 * 22 21 19 25 25 C 1.38209 * 119.97197 * 142.46624 * 24 22 21 26 26 C 1.38319 * 120.01569 * 179.97438 * 25 24 22 27 27 Cl 1.73599 * 120.02572 * 179.97438 * 26 25 24 28 28 C 1.38543 * 119.95010 * 0.02582 * 26 25 24 29 29 F 1.35107 * 120.03262 * 179.97438 * 28 26 25 30 30 C 1.38446 * 119.94083 * 359.97438 * 28 26 25 31 31 C 1.38197 * 119.98322 * 359.70805 * 30 28 26 32 32 C 1.53781 * 113.61628 * 203.47515 * 19 18 16 33 33 H 1.09004 * 109.47169 * 299.99817 * 1 2 3 34 34 H 1.08997 * 109.47068 * 59.99262 * 1 2 3 35 35 H 1.08995 * 109.47544 * 179.97438 * 1 2 3 36 36 H 1.07991 * 119.99260 * 359.97438 * 4 3 2 37 37 H 1.09002 * 109.47152 * 60.00012 * 6 5 4 38 38 H 0.96708 * 114.00101 * 299.99358 * 7 6 5 39 39 H 1.48501 * 109.99652 * 179.97438 * 8 6 5 40 40 H 1.48494 * 110.00064 * 301.31786 * 8 6 5 41 41 H 1.07994 * 119.93816 * 179.72644 * 9 5 4 42 42 H 1.09000 * 109.47180 * 329.99894 * 14 13 12 43 43 H 1.08997 * 109.47254 * 180.02562 * 15 14 13 44 44 H 1.09002 * 109.46996 * 300.00561 * 15 14 13 45 45 H 1.09000 * 109.46878 * 59.99908 * 15 14 13 46 46 H 0.97004 * 120.00571 * 0.02562 * 18 16 14 47 47 H 1.09002 * 113.61405 * 203.66502 * 21 19 18 48 48 H 1.08995 * 113.61347 * 334.56631 * 21 19 18 49 49 H 1.08006 * 119.98921 * 359.97438 * 25 24 22 50 50 H 1.07999 * 120.01040 * 180.02562 * 30 28 26 51 51 H 1.08003 * 119.97435 * 180.29258 * 31 30 28 52 52 H 1.09003 * 113.61573 * 25.43100 * 32 19 18 53 53 H 1.08995 * 113.61752 * 156.25004 * 32 19 18 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 8 1.4290 0.0000 0.0000 3 6 2.0465 1.2116 0.0000 4 6 1.2932 2.3746 0.0005 5 6 1.9221 3.6061 0.0011 6 6 1.1007 4.8696 0.0011 7 8 0.2767 4.9020 -1.1660 8 14 2.2349 6.3475 0.0011 9 6 3.3021 3.6810 -0.0043 10 6 4.0606 2.5236 0.0006 11 17 5.7939 2.6212 0.0006 12 6 3.4359 1.2861 0.0000 13 8 4.1795 0.1471 -0.0008 14 6 4.5342 -0.3951 -1.2745 15 6 5.8686 0.1999 -1.7285 16 6 4.6634 -1.8926 -1.1647 17 8 4.4711 -2.4414 -0.1004 18 7 4.9925 -2.6219 -2.2492 19 6 5.1186 -4.0775 -2.1423 20 1 5.3605 -4.4084 -1.1323 21 6 3.9480 -4.8456 -2.7784 22 6 4.7513 -4.8191 -4.0927 23 1 4.5571 -3.9389 -4.7055 24 6 4.6753 -6.1050 -4.8750 25 6 4.6151 -6.0709 -6.2553 26 6 4.5459 -7.2505 -6.9742 27 17 4.4697 -7.2080 -8.7080 28 6 4.5364 -8.4661 -6.3095 29 9 4.4683 -9.6193 -7.0101 30 6 4.5967 -8.4980 -4.9268 31 6 4.6724 -7.3180 -4.2114 32 6 6.0157 -4.6994 -3.2256 33 1 -0.3634 0.5138 0.8900 34 1 -0.3633 0.5139 -0.8899 35 1 -0.3634 -1.0276 -0.0005 36 1 0.2147 2.3192 0.0005 37 1 0.4715 4.8939 0.8908 38 1 0.7709 4.8830 -1.9970 39 1 1.4370 7.6000 0.0004 40 1 3.1195 6.3089 1.1931 41 1 3.7896 4.6446 -0.0083 42 1 3.7606 -0.1496 -2.0021 43 1 6.1389 -0.2133 -2.7002 44 1 5.7752 1.2830 -1.8079 45 1 6.6422 -0.0456 -1.0009 46 1 5.1467 -2.1829 -3.1004 47 1 3.8102 -5.8472 -2.3711 48 1 3.0214 -4.2732 -2.8198 49 1 4.6222 -5.1229 -6.7728 50 1 4.5898 -9.4449 -4.4075 51 1 4.7242 -7.3432 -3.1329 52 1 6.7571 -4.0090 -3.6278 53 1 6.4433 -5.6603 -2.9397 There are 80 doubly filled levels RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 80 No. of singly occupied orbitals= 1 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) F: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR AND E. G. ZOEBISCH, THEOCHEM, 180, 1 (1988). Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). Cl: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR AND E. G. ZOEBISCH, THEOCHEM, 180, 1 (1988). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=0 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=WATER s_22_10156534_13428712.mol2 53 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Sat Mar 6 2021 11:50:25 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -99.876626 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -42140.374907 eV Core-core repulsion = 36333.453757 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -5806.921151 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 80 and no. of open levels = 1 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 470.094 amu Computer time = 1.59 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -50.04255 -42.02434 -41.57515 -40.58263 -39.43718 -39.17292 -38.59523 -37.75816 -37.52706 -36.89522 -34.81170 -33.03421 -32.13620 -31.60079 -31.37600 -30.98855 -28.58443 -26.86437 -26.67026 -26.36445 -25.16625 -24.26071 -23.68618 -22.99872 -22.64892 -21.76990 -20.29298 -19.62289 -18.99465 -18.77755 -18.57663 -18.28739 -17.72603 -17.50845 -17.43519 -16.92462 -16.85397 -16.79032 -16.39705 -16.26403 -16.18440 -15.92150 -15.85442 -15.75049 -15.51188 -15.21581 -14.92344 -14.73818 -14.54233 -14.39232 -14.27932 -14.26474 -14.19487 -13.86460 -13.74615 -13.61327 -13.47204 -13.39624 -13.26457 -12.78241 -12.68969 -12.63515 -12.57207 -12.49063 -12.34365 -12.31303 -12.03882 -11.92620 -11.81229 -11.64748 -11.62231 -11.33866 -11.25944 -10.73801 -10.53381 -10.11315 -10.03783 -9.83134 -9.58026 -9.43057 -5.01465 -0.34272 -0.13361 -0.03263 0.03087 0.84095 0.94217 1.25512 1.48304 1.62078 1.66821 1.96090 2.15395 2.22484 2.32910 2.68641 3.04016 3.34019 3.44753 3.51872 3.55480 3.59293 3.69569 3.70949 3.74918 3.82096 3.84726 3.93004 3.99285 4.01073 4.05221 4.07706 4.12150 4.18334 4.26560 4.29508 4.43667 4.54402 4.59454 4.64802 4.66935 4.70554 4.72419 4.79912 4.83181 4.83462 4.86421 4.87946 4.96651 5.05284 5.08264 5.10578 5.16567 5.18243 5.22781 5.38617 5.62051 5.65575 5.91405 6.32112 6.50508 6.74592 7.17930 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C 0.016 3.984 2 O -0.322 6.322 3 C 0.118 3.882 4 C -0.165 4.165 5 C -0.064 4.064 6 C -0.067 4.067 7 O -0.548 6.548 8 Si 0.767 3.233 9 C -0.133 4.133 10 C -0.017 4.017 11 Cl -0.036 7.036 12 C 0.055 3.945 13 O -0.311 6.311 14 C 0.076 3.924 15 C -0.176 4.176 16 C 0.520 3.480 17 O -0.565 6.565 18 N -0.693 5.693 19 C 0.113 3.887 20 H 0.083 0.917 21 C -0.143 4.143 22 C -0.063 4.063 23 H 0.120 0.880 24 C -0.063 4.063 25 C -0.080 4.080 26 C -0.086 4.086 27 Cl -0.063 7.063 28 C 0.077 3.923 29 F -0.143 7.143 30 C -0.139 4.139 31 C -0.080 4.080 32 C -0.123 4.123 33 H 0.065 0.935 34 H 0.076 0.924 35 H 0.113 0.887 36 H 0.157 0.843 37 H 0.119 0.881 38 H 0.398 0.602 39 H -0.293 1.293 40 H -0.285 1.285 41 H 0.160 0.840 42 H 0.106 0.894 43 H 0.104 0.896 44 H 0.084 0.916 45 H 0.059 0.941 46 H 0.418 0.582 47 H 0.102 0.898 48 H 0.069 0.931 49 H 0.160 0.840 50 H 0.159 0.841 51 H 0.163 0.837 52 H 0.093 0.907 53 H 0.106 0.894 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges 0.025 4.677 -4.429 6.442 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.078 4.078 2 O -0.235 6.235 3 C 0.071 3.929 4 C -0.183 4.183 5 C -0.064 4.064 6 C -0.177 4.177 7 O -0.356 6.356 8 Si 0.673 3.327 9 C -0.151 4.151 10 C -0.044 4.044 11 Cl -0.007 7.007 12 C 0.010 3.990 13 O -0.227 6.227 14 C 0.017 3.983 15 C -0.234 4.234 16 C 0.306 3.694 17 O -0.442 6.442 18 N -0.347 5.347 19 C 0.008 3.992 20 H 0.102 0.898 21 C -0.181 4.181 22 C -0.081 4.081 23 H 0.138 0.862 24 C -0.063 4.063 25 C -0.098 4.098 26 C -0.113 4.113 27 Cl -0.034 7.034 28 C 0.057 3.943 29 F -0.122 7.122 30 C -0.158 4.158 31 C -0.098 4.098 32 C -0.160 4.160 33 H 0.084 0.916 34 H 0.094 0.906 35 H 0.131 0.869 36 H 0.174 0.826 37 H 0.136 0.864 38 H 0.249 0.751 39 H -0.220 1.220 40 H -0.212 1.212 41 H 0.177 0.823 42 H 0.124 0.876 43 H 0.123 0.877 44 H 0.103 0.897 45 H 0.078 0.922 46 H 0.256 0.744 47 H 0.120 0.880 48 H 0.087 0.913 49 H 0.177 0.823 50 H 0.176 0.824 51 H 0.180 0.820 52 H 0.112 0.888 53 H 0.124 0.876 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -0.031 4.672 -2.848 5.472 hybrid contribution -0.536 -0.698 -0.309 0.933 sum -0.567 3.974 -3.157 5.107 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.23419 0.76012 1.05633 1.02753 1.86217 1.23577 1.25776 1.87905 1.19376 0.90925 0.85940 0.96660 1.21277 1.01564 0.90195 1.05297 1.20217 0.92833 0.95865 0.97531 1.25130 0.99673 1.00912 0.91992 1.86495 1.36176 1.96754 1.16159 0.93780 0.78243 0.73701 0.87015 1.20920 0.92837 0.97384 1.03969 1.20976 0.86247 0.93157 1.04053 1.98392 1.07809 1.98312 1.96197 1.17809 0.86996 0.85670 1.08574 1.86237 1.69844 1.38200 1.28437 1.22334 1.00168 0.90108 0.85689 1.22593 0.94338 1.03473 1.02956 1.20559 0.75779 0.89080 0.83960 1.90738 1.50026 1.73527 1.29895 1.45419 1.70481 1.06821 1.12014 1.21875 0.97794 0.79294 1.00222 0.89844 1.23637 0.97677 1.01693 0.95100 1.21685 0.97393 0.94685 0.94341 0.86196 1.19879 0.98395 0.95805 0.92226 1.21111 0.98145 0.96763 0.93779 1.21217 1.09699 0.94668 0.85762 1.98401 1.96831 1.98837 1.09295 1.17829 1.05191 0.80461 0.90794 1.91515 1.93823 1.47558 1.79300 1.21399 1.02066 1.01882 0.90435 1.21308 0.96391 0.90236 1.01872 1.23403 0.96033 1.02609 0.93990 0.91630 0.90593 0.86888 0.82550 0.86394 0.75149 1.22043 1.21164 0.82305 0.87594 0.87741 0.89746 0.92171 0.74408 0.87997 0.91268 0.82262 0.82351 0.82002 0.88848 0.87574 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 15. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 C 0.02 -0.05 9.81 113.37 1.11 1.06 16 2 O -0.32 -1.68 10.28 -79.56 -0.82 -2.50 16 3 C 0.12 0.44 6.70 22.56 0.15 0.59 16 4 C -0.16 0.13 8.60 22.36 0.19 0.32 16 5 C -0.06 0.16 5.39 -19.86 -0.11 0.06 16 6 C -0.07 0.30 2.82 71.24 0.20 0.50 16 7 O -0.55 2.59 12.76 -148.98 -1.90 0.68 16 8 Si 0.77 -3.69 29.78 68.60 2.04 -1.65 16 9 C -0.13 0.26 8.45 22.30 0.19 0.45 16 10 C -0.02 -0.03 6.24 22.40 0.14 0.11 16 11 Cl -0.04 -0.05 24.90 -2.72 -0.07 -0.12 16 12 C 0.06 0.29 5.56 22.58 0.13 0.42 16 13 O -0.31 -2.72 8.55 -67.39 -0.58 -3.30 16 14 C 0.08 0.09 3.20 29.85 0.10 0.19 16 15 C -0.18 0.67 8.29 71.98 0.60 1.27 16 16 C 0.52 2.26 7.23 87.66 0.63 2.89 16 17 O -0.56 -8.72 16.12 16.02 0.26 -8.46 16 18 N -0.69 3.11 5.16 -440.04 -2.27 0.84 16 19 C 0.11 -0.51 4.29 45.52 0.20 -0.31 16 20 H 0.08 0.08 7.50 -2.39 -0.02 0.07 16 21 C -0.14 0.91 7.27 31.21 0.23 1.13 16 22 C -0.06 0.60 3.87 -10.92 -0.04 0.56 16 23 H 0.12 -1.51 8.09 -2.39 -0.02 -1.53 16 24 C -0.06 0.38 5.29 -19.86 -0.11 0.27 16 25 C -0.08 0.27 9.49 22.28 0.21 0.48 16 26 C -0.09 -0.16 6.33 22.36 0.14 -0.02 16 27 Cl -0.06 -0.25 28.62 -2.72 -0.08 -0.32 16 28 C 0.08 0.24 7.28 22.39 0.16 0.40 16 29 F -0.14 -1.05 16.84 44.97 0.76 -0.29 16 30 C -0.14 0.29 10.03 22.31 0.22 0.51 16 31 C -0.08 0.46 8.60 22.27 0.19 0.65 16 32 C -0.12 1.18 7.28 31.12 0.23 1.40 16 33 H 0.07 -0.29 7.66 -2.38 -0.02 -0.31 16 34 H 0.08 -0.50 7.66 -2.39 -0.02 -0.51 16 35 H 0.11 -0.56 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.58 16 36 H 0.16 -0.57 6.30 -2.92 -0.02 -0.59 16 37 H 0.12 -0.45 7.96 -2.39 -0.02 -0.47 16 38 H 0.40 -5.11 8.70 -74.05 -0.64 -5.75 16 39 H -0.29 -0.73 7.11 99.48 0.71 -0.02 16 40 H -0.28 -0.17 7.11 99.48 0.71 0.54 16 41 H 0.16 -0.92 4.86 -2.91 -0.01 -0.93 16 42 H 0.11 -0.30 7.91 -2.39 -0.02 -0.31 16 43 H 0.10 -1.11 7.57 -2.39 -0.02 -1.13 16 44 H 0.08 -0.33 5.45 -2.39 -0.01 -0.34 16 45 H 0.06 -0.01 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.03 16 46 H 0.42 -4.83 8.12 -92.71 -0.75 -5.58 16 47 H 0.10 -0.74 6.34 -2.39 -0.02 -0.76 16 48 H 0.07 -0.28 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -0.30 16 49 H 0.16 -1.17 8.05 -2.91 -0.02 -1.20 16 50 H 0.16 -0.83 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 -0.86 16 51 H 0.16 -1.64 6.68 -2.91 -0.02 -1.66 16 52 H 0.09 -1.06 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -1.08 16 53 H 0.11 -1.06 7.72 -2.39 -0.02 -1.08 16 Total: 0.00 -28.38 466.43 1.77 -26.61 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: -24.08 SS G_CDS: -0.34 Total: -24.41 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: 8.16 SS G_CDS: 4.76 Total: 12.93 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: 3.11 SS G_CDS: -2.27 Total: 0.84 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -10.54 SS G_CDS: -3.04 Total: -13.58 kcal Atomic # 9 Polarization: -1.05 SS G_CDS: 0.76 Total: -0.29 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: -3.69 SS G_CDS: 2.04 Total: -1.65 kcal Atomic # 17 Polarization: -0.30 SS G_CDS: -0.15 Total: -0.44 kcal Total: -28.38 1.77 -26.61 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 53 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. s_22_10156534_13428712.mol2 53 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -73.271 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -28.380 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -101.651 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy 1.774 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -26.606 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -99.877 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.59 seconds