Wall clock time and date at job start Sat Mar 6 2021 17:14:19 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= 0 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * DEV - DEVELOPER OPTIONS ARE ALLOWED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS USER-SPECIFIED * DIELEC - THE SOLVENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT IS 2.06 * IOFR - THE SOLVENT INDEX OF REFRACTION IS 1.4345 * ALPHA - THE SOLVENT ALPHA IS 0.00 * BETA - THE SOLVENT BETA IS 0.00 * GAMMA - THE SOLVENT MACROSCOPIC SURFACE TENSION IS * 38.93 CAL MOL^-1 ANGSTROM^-2 * FACARB - THE FRACTION OF AROMATIC CARBONS IS 0.00 * FEHALO - THE FRACTION OF ELECTRONEGATIVE HALOGENS IS 0.00 ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 C 2 2 N 1.46498 * 1 3 3 C 1.46502 * 119.99709 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.52991 * 109.47366 * 269.72555 * 3 2 1 5 5 H 1.09002 * 112.85174 * 45.33192 * 4 3 2 6 6 C 1.53780 * 113.61529 * 176.53576 * 4 3 2 7 7 C 1.53781 * 87.08402 * 139.97902 * 6 4 3 8 8 H 1.09001 * 113.61071 * 89.19536 * 7 6 4 9 9 O 1.42897 * 113.61288 * 220.01349 * 7 6 4 10 10 C 1.53784 * 113.61484 * 274.14049 * 4 3 2 11 11 C 1.34776 * 119.99789 * 179.72809 * 2 1 3 12 12 O 1.21283 * 119.99630 * 180.27711 * 11 2 1 13 13 C 1.50697 * 120.00204 * 0.27503 * 11 2 1 14 14 C 1.50698 * 109.47275 * 181.73055 * 13 11 2 15 15 C 1.39318 * 120.06026 * 81.36733 * 14 13 11 16 16 C 1.48389 * 120.11896 * 359.97438 * 15 14 13 17 17 C 1.39343 * 120.12306 * 236.54211 * 16 15 14 18 18 C 1.38011 * 119.87524 * 179.81708 * 17 16 15 19 19 C 1.38314 * 120.12712 * 0.44562 * 18 17 16 20 20 C 1.50703 * 119.88199 * 179.76597 * 19 18 17 21 21 O 1.42893 * 109.47111 * 245.01787 * 20 19 18 22 22 Si 1.86303 * 109.46959 * 5.02392 * 20 19 18 23 23 C 1.38322 * 120.24309 * 359.78556 * 19 18 17 24 24 C 1.38020 * 120.12009 * 0.02562 * 23 19 18 25 25 C 1.39365 * 119.75928 * 180.02562 * 15 14 13 26 26 C 1.37995 * 119.87247 * 0.02562 * 25 15 14 27 27 C 1.38340 * 120.12382 * 359.97438 * 26 25 15 28 28 C 1.38041 * 120.06026 * 261.09622 * 14 13 11 29 29 H 1.09004 * 109.47441 * 89.99363 * 1 2 3 30 30 H 1.09002 * 109.47154 * 209.99531 * 1 2 3 31 31 H 1.09002 * 109.47630 * 329.99799 * 1 2 3 32 32 H 1.08999 * 109.46902 * 29.73066 * 3 2 1 33 33 H 1.09007 * 109.46363 * 149.72369 * 3 2 1 34 34 H 1.09006 * 113.61268 * 254.52987 * 6 4 3 35 35 H 1.09003 * 113.61668 * 25.34565 * 6 4 3 36 36 H 0.96703 * 113.99670 * 180.02562 * 9 7 6 37 37 H 1.09007 * 113.61520 * 334.56729 * 10 4 3 38 38 H 1.08997 * 113.61740 * 105.46891 * 10 4 3 39 39 H 1.09003 * 109.47198 * 301.72968 * 13 11 2 40 40 H 1.08998 * 109.47051 * 61.72957 * 13 11 2 41 41 H 1.08002 * 120.05477 * 0.02562 * 17 16 15 42 42 H 1.08002 * 119.93611 * 180.21358 * 18 17 16 43 43 H 1.09005 * 109.47088 * 125.01950 * 20 19 18 44 44 H 0.96703 * 113.99886 * 60.00331 * 21 20 19 45 45 H 1.48501 * 110.00015 * 58.67731 * 22 20 19 46 46 H 1.48499 * 109.99782 * 180.02562 * 22 20 19 47 47 H 1.08000 * 119.94147 * 179.97438 * 23 19 18 48 48 H 1.07999 * 120.06572 * 179.97438 * 24 23 19 49 49 H 1.08000 * 120.06139 * 179.97438 * 25 15 14 50 50 H 1.08002 * 119.93719 * 180.02562 * 26 25 15 51 51 H 1.08002 * 119.87499 * 180.02562 * 27 26 25 52 52 H 1.07993 * 119.93810 * 359.97438 * 28 14 13 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 7 1.4650 0.0000 0.0000 3 6 2.1974 1.2688 0.0000 4 6 2.4584 1.7070 -1.4424 5 1 1.5801 1.6083 -2.0803 6 6 3.1507 3.0756 -1.5547 7 6 3.9848 2.4720 -2.6970 8 1 3.5252 2.5832 -3.6791 9 8 5.3564 2.8723 -2.6776 10 6 3.7328 1.0977 -2.0503 11 6 2.1388 -1.1672 0.0055 12 8 3.3516 -1.1672 0.0106 13 6 1.3853 -2.4723 0.0055 14 6 2.3639 -3.6173 0.0551 15 6 2.9184 -4.0091 1.2717 16 6 2.5479 -3.3003 2.5216 17 6 3.5356 -2.7233 3.3173 18 6 3.1850 -2.0619 4.4768 19 6 1.8570 -1.9792 4.8543 20 6 1.4808 -1.2603 6.1243 21 8 0.9259 -2.1934 7.0534 22 14 2.9984 -0.4737 6.8653 23 6 0.8728 -2.5543 4.0708 24 6 1.2117 -3.2147 2.9072 25 6 3.8231 -5.0685 1.3103 26 6 4.1652 -5.7230 0.1446 27 6 3.6114 -5.3297 -1.0606 28 6 2.7081 -4.2834 -1.1039 29 1 -0.3634 0.0001 -1.0277 30 1 -0.3633 -0.8900 0.5138 31 1 -0.3634 0.8900 0.5139 32 1 1.6062 2.0296 0.5096 33 1 3.1477 1.1396 0.5182 34 1 2.4850 3.8766 -1.8762 35 1 3.7387 3.3409 -0.6760 36 1 5.8860 2.4961 -3.3940 37 1 4.4814 0.8207 -1.3080 38 1 3.5364 0.3043 -2.7714 39 1 0.7320 -2.5147 0.8769 40 1 0.7859 -2.5457 -0.9019 41 1 4.5733 -2.7906 3.0253 42 1 3.9494 -1.6114 5.0925 43 1 0.7441 -0.4887 5.9004 44 1 1.5277 -2.9096 7.2985 45 1 3.6031 0.4754 5.8964 46 1 2.6409 0.2380 8.1187 47 1 -0.1626 -2.4872 4.3704 48 1 0.4426 -3.6638 2.2962 49 1 4.2562 -5.3760 2.2506 50 1 4.8658 -6.5444 0.1733 51 1 3.8817 -5.8451 -1.9705 52 1 2.2751 -3.9836 -2.0467 There are 68 doubly filled levels RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 68 No. of singly occupied orbitals= 1 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=0 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=GENORG IOFR=1.4345 ALPHA=0.00 BETA=0.00 GAMMA=38.93 & DIELEC=2.06 FACARB=0.00 FEHALO=0.00 DEV s_22_12312124_13158394.mol2 52 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Sat Mar 6 2021 17:14:19 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -30.447703 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -34222.269913 eV Core-core repulsion = 29926.095179 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -4296.174734 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 68 and no. of open levels = 1 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 368.182 amu Computer time = 1.23 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -41.58762 -40.77574 -39.94405 -39.38128 -37.54092 -36.73145 -35.61704 -34.26797 -33.41143 -31.97036 -30.73716 -30.11232 -28.45824 -27.20572 -26.61292 -26.46180 -24.07559 -23.72941 -23.32139 -22.43687 -21.61132 -20.50376 -20.14964 -18.51533 -18.47285 -17.99593 -17.88667 -17.20566 -17.02417 -16.75192 -16.38736 -16.27934 -16.16047 -15.79854 -15.63668 -15.47031 -15.16117 -14.72854 -14.70727 -14.56549 -14.37221 -14.11721 -14.06242 -14.03702 -13.67660 -13.53589 -13.36452 -13.32410 -13.22828 -13.11203 -12.83260 -12.61374 -12.38167 -12.37338 -12.14786 -12.00433 -11.81113 -11.75836 -11.66296 -11.22853 -10.72711 -10.70504 -10.44894 -10.10988 -9.91969 -9.68383 -9.62106 -9.17722 -5.03747 -0.05246 0.41130 0.46329 0.65900 1.28961 1.64238 1.74464 1.96955 1.99556 2.64860 2.89447 3.28301 3.44317 3.50001 3.55775 3.65759 3.69710 3.75297 3.77589 3.84357 3.89481 3.90467 3.97752 4.02159 4.03902 4.17685 4.23686 4.28472 4.33942 4.36033 4.41930 4.46391 4.47504 4.52183 4.54426 4.60366 4.63234 4.70150 4.80613 4.85510 4.87921 4.90070 4.99473 5.03864 5.07049 5.11818 5.22085 5.37055 5.43316 5.44828 5.49388 5.55259 5.56749 5.62944 5.70557 5.95307 6.07506 6.37768 6.55436 6.75908 7.27674 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C 0.075 3.925 2 N -0.619 5.619 3 C 0.129 3.871 4 C -0.126 4.126 5 H 0.091 0.909 6 C -0.121 4.121 7 C 0.073 3.927 8 H 0.079 0.921 9 O -0.560 6.560 10 C -0.152 4.152 11 C 0.519 3.481 12 O -0.519 6.519 13 C -0.112 4.112 14 C -0.052 4.052 15 C -0.035 4.035 16 C -0.034 4.034 17 C -0.092 4.092 18 C -0.112 4.112 19 C -0.119 4.119 20 C -0.066 4.066 21 O -0.540 6.540 22 Si 0.682 3.318 23 C -0.091 4.091 24 C -0.115 4.115 25 C -0.103 4.103 26 C -0.117 4.117 27 C -0.114 4.114 28 C -0.107 4.107 29 H 0.057 0.943 30 H 0.072 0.928 31 H 0.073 0.927 32 H 0.077 0.923 33 H 0.086 0.914 34 H 0.074 0.926 35 H 0.092 0.908 36 H 0.378 0.622 37 H 0.096 0.904 38 H 0.062 0.938 39 H 0.108 0.892 40 H 0.101 0.899 41 H 0.128 0.872 42 H 0.127 0.873 43 H 0.112 0.888 44 H 0.379 0.621 45 H -0.258 1.258 46 H -0.254 1.254 47 H 0.127 0.873 48 H 0.126 0.874 49 H 0.125 0.875 50 H 0.125 0.875 51 H 0.124 0.876 52 H 0.121 0.879 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -2.703 -2.096 -1.471 3.723 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.068 4.068 2 N -0.353 5.353 3 C 0.006 3.994 4 C -0.146 4.146 5 H 0.110 0.890 6 C -0.159 4.159 7 C 0.014 3.986 8 H 0.096 0.904 9 O -0.366 6.366 10 C -0.189 4.189 11 C 0.307 3.693 12 O -0.393 6.393 13 C -0.151 4.151 14 C -0.052 4.052 15 C -0.035 4.035 16 C -0.034 4.034 17 C -0.110 4.110 18 C -0.129 4.129 19 C -0.120 4.120 20 C -0.177 4.177 21 O -0.345 6.345 22 Si 0.584 3.416 23 C -0.109 4.109 24 C -0.133 4.133 25 C -0.121 4.121 26 C -0.135 4.135 27 C -0.132 4.132 28 C -0.125 4.125 29 H 0.076 0.924 30 H 0.090 0.910 31 H 0.092 0.908 32 H 0.096 0.904 33 H 0.104 0.896 34 H 0.093 0.907 35 H 0.110 0.890 36 H 0.226 0.774 37 H 0.115 0.885 38 H 0.081 0.919 39 H 0.126 0.874 40 H 0.119 0.881 41 H 0.146 0.854 42 H 0.144 0.856 43 H 0.129 0.871 44 H 0.227 0.773 45 H -0.182 1.182 46 H -0.179 1.179 47 H 0.145 0.855 48 H 0.144 0.856 49 H 0.143 0.857 50 H 0.143 0.857 51 H 0.142 0.858 52 H 0.139 0.861 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -2.378 -0.611 -0.730 2.561 hybrid contribution -0.511 -0.250 -1.114 1.251 sum -2.889 -0.860 -1.845 3.534 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.21854 0.79463 1.03451 1.02030 1.47826 1.06886 1.06003 1.74573 1.21457 0.97983 0.84182 0.95753 1.22713 0.97844 0.96667 0.97339 0.89037 1.23040 0.97566 0.96260 0.99010 1.23397 0.82486 0.95015 0.97740 0.90353 1.86524 1.20682 1.74239 1.55136 1.23691 0.97778 0.96711 1.00756 1.20412 0.88128 0.84748 0.75992 1.90723 1.13577 1.87010 1.48014 1.20904 0.98065 0.90867 1.05263 1.19213 0.97688 0.95596 0.92748 1.18527 0.97545 0.95921 0.91555 1.18785 0.93251 0.97650 0.93702 1.21160 0.99438 0.96740 0.93673 1.20924 0.95089 0.99712 0.97199 1.20352 0.93579 1.00478 0.97561 1.25015 1.08126 0.95594 0.88971 1.86501 1.44572 1.41248 1.62189 0.94721 0.81045 0.85025 0.80793 1.20905 0.99418 0.96872 0.93670 1.21225 0.95263 0.99798 0.97041 1.21167 0.96956 0.95338 0.98669 1.21112 0.99909 1.00000 0.92445 1.21180 0.96827 0.97126 0.98108 1.20912 0.98231 0.96136 0.97229 0.92397 0.90963 0.90803 0.90444 0.89607 0.90714 0.88993 0.77428 0.88527 0.91944 0.87445 0.88116 0.85426 0.85557 0.87056 0.77346 1.18240 1.17891 0.85540 0.85629 0.85734 0.85718 0.85849 0.86065 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 12. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 C 0.08 -0.22 10.31 59.85 0.62 0.39 16 2 N -0.62 -0.05 2.87 -181.57 -0.52 -0.57 16 3 C 0.13 0.05 5.28 -4.05 -0.02 0.03 16 4 C -0.13 -0.01 3.96 -89.81 -0.36 -0.37 16 5 H 0.09 -0.05 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.48 16 6 C -0.12 -0.06 7.47 -25.92 -0.19 -0.25 16 7 C 0.07 0.08 5.21 -25.83 -0.13 -0.05 16 8 H 0.08 -0.02 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.44 16 9 O -0.56 -1.39 13.67 -35.23 -0.48 -1.87 16 10 C -0.15 -0.27 6.85 -25.83 -0.18 -0.44 16 11 C 0.52 1.08 7.53 -10.99 -0.08 1.00 16 12 O -0.52 -2.91 14.68 5.55 0.08 -2.83 16 13 C -0.11 0.01 3.91 -29.04 -0.11 -0.11 16 14 C -0.05 -0.09 4.39 -104.29 -0.46 -0.55 16 15 C -0.04 -0.07 5.37 -104.90 -0.56 -0.64 16 16 C -0.03 -0.05 4.79 -104.90 -0.50 -0.56 16 17 C -0.09 -0.15 9.62 -39.25 -0.38 -0.52 16 18 C -0.11 -0.07 8.65 -39.64 -0.34 -0.41 16 19 C -0.12 -0.06 5.36 -104.56 -0.56 -0.62 16 20 C -0.07 0.00 2.80 36.01 0.10 0.10 16 21 O -0.54 -0.21 12.83 -35.23 -0.45 -0.67 16 22 Si 0.68 -0.25 29.79 -169.99 -5.06 -5.32 16 23 C -0.09 -0.04 9.67 -39.63 -0.38 -0.42 16 24 C -0.12 -0.05 7.81 -39.25 -0.31 -0.36 16 25 C -0.10 -0.16 9.63 -39.25 -0.38 -0.54 16 26 C -0.12 -0.12 10.03 -39.63 -0.40 -0.52 16 27 C -0.11 -0.12 10.04 -39.52 -0.40 -0.51 16 28 C -0.11 -0.14 9.66 -39.63 -0.38 -0.52 16 29 H 0.06 -0.22 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.64 16 30 H 0.07 -0.28 6.38 -51.93 -0.33 -0.61 16 31 H 0.07 -0.28 7.89 -51.93 -0.41 -0.69 16 32 H 0.08 -0.09 7.89 -51.93 -0.41 -0.50 16 33 H 0.09 0.23 7.15 -51.93 -0.37 -0.14 16 34 H 0.07 -0.04 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.46 16 35 H 0.09 0.13 8.10 -51.93 -0.42 -0.29 16 36 H 0.38 -0.55 9.12 45.56 0.42 -0.13 16 37 H 0.10 0.41 7.64 -51.92 -0.40 0.01 16 38 H 0.06 0.13 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.29 16 39 H 0.11 -0.14 3.99 -51.93 -0.21 -0.34 16 40 H 0.10 -0.21 8.01 -51.93 -0.42 -0.62 16 41 H 0.13 0.17 8.06 -52.49 -0.42 -0.25 16 42 H 0.13 -0.14 4.89 -52.49 -0.26 -0.39 16 43 H 0.11 0.04 7.96 -51.93 -0.41 -0.37 16 44 H 0.38 -1.25 8.70 45.56 0.40 -0.86 16 45 H -0.26 -0.60 7.11 56.52 0.40 -0.20 16 46 H -0.25 -0.69 7.11 56.52 0.40 -0.29 16 47 H 0.13 -0.05 8.06 -52.49 -0.42 -0.47 16 48 H 0.13 -0.13 7.12 -52.49 -0.37 -0.51 16 49 H 0.12 0.02 8.06 -52.49 -0.42 -0.40 16 50 H 0.12 -0.11 8.06 -52.49 -0.42 -0.53 16 51 H 0.12 -0.10 8.06 -52.49 -0.42 -0.52 16 52 H 0.12 -0.04 8.04 -52.49 -0.42 -0.46 16 LS Contribution 420.30 15.07 6.33 6.33 Total: 0.00 -9.12 420.30 -12.56 -21.68 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: -3.84 SS G_CDS: -7.04 Total: -10.88 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: -0.47 SS G_CDS: -5.41 Total: -5.88 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: -0.05 SS G_CDS: -0.52 Total: -0.57 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -4.51 SS G_CDS: -0.85 Total: -5.37 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: -0.25 SS G_CDS: -5.06 Total: -5.32 kcal Total LS contribution 6.33 Total: 6.33 kcal Total: -9.12 -12.56 -21.68 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 52 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. s_22_12312124_13158394.mol2 52 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -8.768 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -9.124 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -17.891 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy -12.556 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -21.680 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -30.448 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.23 seconds