Wall clock time and date at job start Sat Mar 6 2021 23:46:42 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= 0 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * DEV - DEVELOPER OPTIONS ARE ALLOWED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS USER-SPECIFIED * DIELEC - THE SOLVENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT IS 2.06 * IOFR - THE SOLVENT INDEX OF REFRACTION IS 1.4345 * ALPHA - THE SOLVENT ALPHA IS 0.00 * BETA - THE SOLVENT BETA IS 0.00 * GAMMA - THE SOLVENT MACROSCOPIC SURFACE TENSION IS * 38.93 CAL MOL^-1 ANGSTROM^-2 * FACARB - THE FRACTION OF AROMATIC CARBONS IS 0.00 * FEHALO - THE FRACTION OF ELECTRONEGATIVE HALOGENS IS 0.00 ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 C 2 2 O 1.42905 * 1 3 3 C 1.35978 * 116.99937 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.38680 * 120.00182 * 179.97438 * 3 2 1 5 5 C 1.38142 * 120.00484 * 180.02562 * 4 3 2 6 6 C 1.50701 * 120.00215 * 180.02562 * 5 4 3 7 7 O 1.42906 * 109.46864 * 254.98108 * 6 5 4 8 8 Si 1.86295 * 109.47258 * 14.97735 * 6 5 4 9 9 C 1.38682 * 119.99866 * 0.02562 * 5 4 3 10 10 O 1.35981 * 119.99740 * 180.02562 * 9 5 4 11 11 C 1.42903 * 116.99791 * 180.02562 * 10 9 5 12 12 C 1.50707 * 109.47274 * 180.02562 * 11 10 9 13 13 O 1.21279 * 119.99822 * 359.97438 * 12 11 10 14 14 N 1.34773 * 119.99966 * 180.02562 * 12 11 10 15 15 C 1.46497 * 119.99748 * 185.42505 * 14 12 11 16 16 C 1.50698 * 112.90714 * 284.38370 * 15 14 12 17 17 C 1.38247 * 119.99245 * 166.78979 * 16 15 14 18 18 C 1.38217 * 120.00725 * 179.73112 * 17 16 15 19 19 C 1.38317 * 119.99522 * 0.54240 * 18 17 16 20 20 Br 1.89103 * 120.01447 * 179.70630 * 19 18 17 21 21 C 1.38331 * 119.97855 * 359.73242 * 19 18 17 22 22 C 1.38222 * 119.98841 * 359.97438 * 21 19 18 23 23 C 1.53784 * 113.61580 * 153.13604 * 15 14 12 24 24 C 1.53783 * 87.07884 * 270.88276 * 23 15 14 25 25 H 1.09007 * 113.60904 * 220.01722 * 24 23 15 26 26 O 1.42891 * 113.61475 * 89.11668 * 24 23 15 27 27 C 1.53778 * 113.61874 * 55.63543 * 15 14 12 28 28 C 1.38714 * 120.00087 * 0.27188 * 9 5 4 29 29 C 1.38116 * 119.99889 * 359.44872 * 28 9 5 30 30 H 1.09002 * 109.46565 * 60.00074 * 1 2 3 31 31 H 1.09000 * 109.47278 * 180.02562 * 1 2 3 32 32 H 1.08996 * 109.47082 * 300.00927 * 1 2 3 33 33 H 1.08009 * 119.99379 * 0.04083 * 4 3 2 34 34 H 1.09004 * 109.47470 * 134.98271 * 6 5 4 35 35 H 0.96702 * 113.99891 * 299.99205 * 7 6 5 36 36 H 1.48501 * 110.00065 * 298.68602 * 8 6 5 37 37 H 1.48503 * 109.99847 * 59.99943 * 8 6 5 38 38 H 1.09000 * 109.47586 * 59.99629 * 11 10 9 39 39 H 1.09003 * 109.46698 * 299.99336 * 11 10 9 40 40 H 0.96995 * 119.99982 * 5.41846 * 14 12 11 41 41 H 1.08004 * 119.99118 * 359.97438 * 17 16 15 42 42 H 1.08009 * 120.00084 * 180.29910 * 18 17 16 43 43 H 1.07998 * 120.00451 * 179.97438 * 21 19 18 44 44 H 1.08001 * 119.99160 * 179.97438 * 22 21 19 45 45 H 1.08998 * 113.61255 * 25.43004 * 23 15 14 46 46 H 1.09004 * 113.61460 * 156.25001 * 23 15 14 47 47 H 0.96707 * 114.00079 * 82.50444 * 26 24 23 48 48 H 1.08997 * 113.62203 * 203.66539 * 27 15 14 49 49 H 1.09003 * 113.61263 * 334.57353 * 27 15 14 50 50 H 1.07995 * 120.00417 * 179.70902 * 28 9 5 51 51 H 1.07996 * 120.00057 * 180.25764 * 29 28 9 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 8 1.4291 0.0000 0.0000 3 6 2.0464 1.2116 0.0000 4 6 3.4313 1.2842 0.0005 5 6 4.0585 2.5150 0.0011 6 6 5.5634 2.5939 0.0011 7 8 6.0208 2.9669 1.3026 8 14 6.2724 0.9322 -0.4536 9 6 3.3032 3.6781 0.0016 10 8 3.9206 4.8897 0.0016 11 6 3.0807 6.0458 0.0027 12 6 3.9349 7.2874 0.0019 13 8 5.1439 7.1916 0.0010 14 7 3.3553 8.5041 0.0033 15 6 4.1804 9.7086 -0.1174 16 6 4.9109 10.0492 1.1559 17 6 5.9318 10.9813 1.1387 18 6 6.5983 11.2980 2.3074 19 6 6.2514 10.6741 3.4921 20 35 7.1686 11.1010 5.0898 21 6 5.2337 9.7374 3.5078 22 6 4.5636 9.4257 2.3398 23 6 3.4392 10.9032 -0.7407 24 6 3.9086 10.3800 -2.1085 25 1 4.2176 11.1684 -2.7949 26 8 3.0064 9.4458 -2.7043 27 6 5.0799 9.7168 -1.3647 28 6 1.9179 3.6056 0.0073 29 6 1.2909 2.3750 0.0009 30 1 -0.3632 0.5138 -0.8900 31 1 -0.3634 -1.0276 0.0005 32 1 -0.3633 0.5140 0.8899 33 1 4.0195 0.3783 0.0003 34 1 5.8883 3.3387 -0.7255 35 1 5.6902 3.8239 1.6050 36 1 5.8629 -0.0857 0.5471 37 1 5.8041 0.5328 -1.8051 38 1 2.4520 6.0375 0.8932 39 1 2.4508 6.0381 -0.8868 40 1 2.3919 8.5823 0.0841 41 1 6.2058 11.4649 0.2127 42 1 7.3926 12.0298 2.2948 43 1 4.9628 9.2497 4.4325 44 1 3.7693 8.6940 2.3519 45 1 2.3582 10.8648 -0.6061 46 1 3.8651 11.8699 -0.4719 47 1 2.2676 9.8570 -3.1737 48 1 5.9552 10.3590 -1.2677 49 1 5.3234 8.7205 -1.7339 50 1 1.3297 4.5113 0.0125 51 1 0.2124 2.3185 0.0012 There are 74 doubly filled levels RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 74 No. of singly occupied orbitals= 1 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). Br: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR AND E. G. ZOEBISCH, THEOCHEM, 180, 1 (1988). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=0 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=GENORG IOFR=1.4345 ALPHA=0.00 BETA=0.00 GAMMA=38.93 & DIELEC=2.06 FACARB=0.00 FEHALO=0.00 DEV s_22_12891094_4974302.mol2 51 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Sat Mar 6 2021 23:46:42 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -80.410069 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -38589.267782 eV Core-core repulsion = 33469.281749 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -5119.986033 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 74 and no. of open levels = 1 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 464.076 amu Computer time = 1.58 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -42.34857 -41.73070 -40.40039 -39.71702 -39.29245 -37.95980 -36.83382 -36.40740 -34.29726 -33.15805 -32.80509 -32.03863 -31.09739 -30.35219 -29.40951 -28.11734 -27.18039 -26.47838 -25.65733 -24.05005 -23.67662 -22.55999 -22.38763 -21.78808 -20.44466 -19.52212 -18.89165 -18.79622 -18.65465 -17.98690 -17.83518 -17.45395 -17.37290 -17.07788 -16.72250 -16.47592 -16.08643 -16.01378 -15.82681 -15.68420 -15.49273 -15.34703 -15.10889 -14.93893 -14.65177 -14.45985 -14.37399 -14.13310 -13.92807 -13.82277 -13.62972 -13.48513 -13.38953 -13.14657 -13.05641 -12.75532 -12.66448 -12.46282 -12.29018 -12.27071 -11.97334 -11.72742 -11.54349 -11.52079 -11.21622 -11.18181 -11.09004 -10.86887 -10.79325 -10.22074 -10.11273 -10.05518 -9.54387 -8.84065 -4.67084 0.00976 0.04299 0.27638 0.32826 0.68459 1.30769 1.48352 1.53459 1.81136 2.11226 2.23003 2.42870 2.48299 2.53684 2.85872 3.20931 3.34069 3.39694 3.46469 3.52410 3.58512 3.64869 3.72852 3.80367 3.85742 3.86947 3.94135 4.04780 4.10372 4.12735 4.12977 4.14544 4.26002 4.30104 4.34947 4.41642 4.46393 4.50270 4.51775 4.57735 4.62241 4.66999 4.74693 4.88542 4.95563 5.02451 5.09084 5.12781 5.15455 5.17696 5.24133 5.37205 5.54089 5.73333 6.05928 6.27929 6.36417 6.46552 6.77349 7.07442 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C 0.026 3.974 2 O -0.316 6.316 3 C 0.103 3.897 4 C -0.115 4.115 5 C -0.096 4.096 6 C -0.075 4.075 7 O -0.533 6.533 8 Si 0.747 3.253 9 C 0.103 3.897 10 O -0.287 6.287 11 C 0.041 3.959 12 C 0.522 3.478 13 O -0.498 6.498 14 N -0.699 5.699 15 C 0.199 3.801 16 C -0.060 4.060 17 C -0.107 4.107 18 C -0.086 4.086 19 C -0.091 4.091 20 Br -0.049 7.049 21 C -0.087 4.087 22 C -0.097 4.097 23 C -0.162 4.162 24 C 0.080 3.920 25 H 0.076 0.924 26 O -0.546 6.546 27 C -0.130 4.130 28 C -0.164 4.164 29 C -0.164 4.164 30 H 0.056 0.944 31 H 0.103 0.897 32 H 0.056 0.944 33 H 0.139 0.861 34 H 0.080 0.920 35 H 0.368 0.632 36 H -0.251 1.251 37 H -0.249 1.249 38 H 0.091 0.909 39 H 0.095 0.905 40 H 0.405 0.595 41 H 0.133 0.867 42 H 0.135 0.865 43 H 0.132 0.868 44 H 0.124 0.876 45 H 0.084 0.916 46 H 0.108 0.892 47 H 0.381 0.619 48 H 0.108 0.892 49 H 0.094 0.906 50 H 0.135 0.865 51 H 0.136 0.864 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -6.608 4.906 -3.246 8.847 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.069 4.069 2 O -0.230 6.230 3 C 0.058 3.942 4 C -0.133 4.133 5 C -0.097 4.097 6 C -0.184 4.184 7 O -0.338 6.338 8 Si 0.645 3.355 9 C 0.058 3.942 10 O -0.200 6.200 11 C -0.037 4.037 12 C 0.306 3.694 13 O -0.370 6.370 14 N -0.353 5.353 15 C 0.112 3.888 16 C -0.062 4.062 17 C -0.126 4.126 18 C -0.106 4.106 19 C -0.170 4.170 20 Br 0.036 6.964 21 C -0.107 4.107 22 C -0.116 4.116 23 C -0.200 4.200 24 C 0.020 3.980 25 H 0.094 0.906 26 O -0.351 6.351 27 C -0.167 4.167 28 C -0.183 4.183 29 C -0.183 4.183 30 H 0.075 0.925 31 H 0.121 0.879 32 H 0.075 0.925 33 H 0.156 0.844 34 H 0.098 0.902 35 H 0.216 0.784 36 H -0.176 1.176 37 H -0.173 1.173 38 H 0.109 0.891 39 H 0.113 0.887 40 H 0.240 0.760 41 H 0.151 0.849 42 H 0.153 0.847 43 H 0.150 0.850 44 H 0.142 0.858 45 H 0.102 0.898 46 H 0.126 0.874 47 H 0.229 0.771 48 H 0.126 0.874 49 H 0.112 0.888 50 H 0.152 0.848 51 H 0.154 0.846 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -4.543 2.996 -2.658 6.056 hybrid contribution -3.213 1.686 -0.225 3.635 sum -7.755 4.682 -2.883 9.507 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.23108 0.77969 1.04416 1.01374 1.86113 1.21662 1.26291 1.88908 1.18797 0.91824 0.84634 0.98931 1.20126 0.91907 0.97123 1.04189 1.19489 0.96725 0.89870 1.03652 1.25208 0.90544 1.13616 0.89019 1.86697 1.73616 1.41893 1.31618 0.93122 0.91242 0.72078 0.79049 1.18614 0.90727 0.84623 1.00221 1.86114 1.33768 1.10937 1.89158 1.22444 0.93214 0.84158 1.03924 1.19894 0.88875 0.83814 0.76804 1.90798 1.13848 1.86331 1.46066 1.45234 1.10329 1.03912 1.75779 1.19839 0.92159 0.85284 0.91487 1.19935 0.95944 0.95991 0.94344 1.20915 0.95494 0.98059 0.98115 1.21099 0.99530 0.99041 0.90916 1.21849 1.00121 1.02240 0.92793 1.96780 1.75895 1.93450 1.30234 1.21120 0.94373 0.96056 0.99121 1.20876 0.99897 0.99306 0.91548 1.24057 1.01624 0.97425 0.96859 1.22721 0.91219 0.91544 0.92472 0.90590 1.86504 1.40482 1.35111 1.73022 1.23507 0.96162 1.04037 0.93025 1.21038 0.92877 0.98658 1.05693 1.21079 1.00320 0.91451 1.05454 0.92517 0.87858 0.92510 0.84399 0.90231 0.78433 1.17586 1.17331 0.89121 0.88701 0.76029 0.84909 0.84699 0.84986 0.85805 0.89757 0.87380 0.77097 0.87355 0.88773 0.84767 0.84617 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 13. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 C 0.03 -0.03 9.81 101.05 0.99 0.96 16 2 O -0.32 -0.96 10.50 -19.67 -0.21 -1.17 16 3 C 0.10 0.34 6.69 -39.24 -0.26 0.08 16 4 C -0.12 -0.48 8.59 -39.45 -0.34 -0.82 16 5 C -0.10 -0.37 5.28 -104.49 -0.55 -0.92 16 6 C -0.08 -0.26 2.33 36.01 0.08 -0.17 16 7 O -0.53 -2.27 12.65 -35.23 -0.45 -2.72 16 8 Si 0.75 1.50 30.40 -169.99 -5.17 -3.67 16 9 C 0.10 0.26 6.62 -39.24 -0.26 0.00 16 10 O -0.29 -0.68 8.56 -39.59 -0.34 -1.01 16 11 C 0.04 -0.05 5.22 36.01 0.19 0.14 16 12 C 0.52 0.35 6.79 -10.98 -0.07 0.28 16 13 O -0.50 -2.48 14.90 -14.35 -0.21 -2.70 16 14 N -0.70 1.45 3.56 -47.93 -0.17 1.28 16 15 C 0.20 -0.30 0.95 -132.16 -0.13 -0.42 16 16 C -0.06 0.00 4.98 -104.62 -0.52 -0.52 16 17 C -0.11 0.04 8.71 -39.59 -0.34 -0.31 16 18 C -0.09 -0.05 9.79 -39.56 -0.39 -0.44 16 19 C -0.09 -0.15 6.22 -39.52 -0.25 -0.40 16 20 Br -0.05 -0.09 33.70 -68.01 -2.29 -2.38 16 21 C -0.09 -0.11 9.79 -39.55 -0.39 -0.50 16 22 C -0.10 -0.06 9.15 -39.59 -0.36 -0.43 16 23 C -0.16 0.61 7.14 -25.92 -0.19 0.43 16 24 C 0.08 -0.23 5.28 -25.92 -0.14 -0.36 16 25 H 0.08 -0.30 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.73 16 26 O -0.55 1.25 13.09 -35.23 -0.46 0.79 16 27 C -0.13 0.08 6.52 -25.92 -0.17 -0.09 16 28 C -0.16 -0.10 9.03 -39.45 -0.36 -0.46 16 29 C -0.16 -0.17 9.03 -39.45 -0.36 -0.53 16 30 H 0.06 -0.12 7.66 -51.93 -0.40 -0.52 16 31 H 0.10 -0.27 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.69 16 32 H 0.06 -0.12 7.66 -51.93 -0.40 -0.52 16 33 H 0.14 0.59 4.94 -52.48 -0.26 0.33 16 34 H 0.08 0.26 7.82 -51.93 -0.41 -0.15 16 35 H 0.37 1.09 8.60 45.56 0.39 1.49 16 36 H -0.25 -1.06 6.81 56.52 0.38 -0.67 16 37 H -0.25 -0.80 7.11 56.52 0.40 -0.40 16 38 H 0.09 -0.34 7.65 -51.93 -0.40 -0.73 16 39 H 0.10 -0.27 7.67 -51.93 -0.40 -0.67 16 40 H 0.40 -1.95 8.75 -40.82 -0.36 -2.31 16 41 H 0.13 -0.35 6.54 -52.48 -0.34 -0.70 16 42 H 0.14 -0.11 8.06 -52.48 -0.42 -0.53 16 43 H 0.13 0.03 8.06 -52.49 -0.42 -0.39 16 44 H 0.12 -0.06 6.95 -52.49 -0.36 -0.43 16 45 H 0.08 -0.40 8.13 -51.93 -0.42 -0.82 16 46 H 0.11 -0.48 7.79 -51.93 -0.40 -0.88 16 47 H 0.38 -2.35 9.12 45.56 0.42 -1.93 16 48 H 0.11 -0.20 6.21 -51.93 -0.32 -0.52 16 49 H 0.09 0.25 6.72 -51.93 -0.35 -0.10 16 50 H 0.13 -0.34 6.29 -52.49 -0.33 -0.67 16 51 H 0.14 -0.20 6.29 -52.49 -0.33 -0.53 16 LS Contribution 436.37 15.07 6.58 6.58 Total: 0.00 -10.46 436.37 -12.10 -22.56 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: -7.49 SS G_CDS: -5.58 Total: -13.07 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: -0.68 SS G_CDS: -3.80 Total: -4.48 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: 1.45 SS G_CDS: -0.17 Total: 1.28 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -5.15 SS G_CDS: -1.67 Total: -6.81 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: 1.50 SS G_CDS: -5.17 Total: -3.67 kcal Atomic # 35 Polarization: -0.09 SS G_CDS: -2.29 Total: -2.38 kcal Total LS contribution 6.58 Total: 6.58 kcal Total: -10.46 -12.10 -22.56 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 51 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. s_22_12891094_4974302.mol2 51 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -57.854 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -10.457 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -68.311 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy -12.099 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -22.556 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -80.410 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.58 seconds