Wall clock time and date at job start Tue Mar 9 2021 12:57:21 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= 0 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS WATER ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 O 2 2 C 1.42895 * 1 3 3 Si 1.86299 * 109.47004 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.50706 * 109.47147 * 119.99485 * 2 1 3 5 5 C 1.38258 * 119.94528 * 244.72952 * 4 2 1 6 6 C 1.38146 * 120.05422 * 179.72537 * 5 4 2 7 7 C 1.38731 * 119.94413 * 0.54550 * 6 5 4 8 8 O 1.35904 * 120.05682 * 179.75014 * 7 6 5 9 9 C 1.42900 * 116.99972 * 359.97438 * 8 7 6 10 10 C 1.50696 * 109.47134 * 180.02562 * 9 8 7 11 11 C 1.36415 * 125.80374 * 89.99951 * 10 9 8 12 12 C 1.47388 * 127.18693 * 359.97438 * 11 10 9 13 13 O 1.21610 * 120.00076 * 0.02562 * 12 11 10 14 14 N 1.34771 * 119.99703 * 179.97438 * 12 11 10 15 15 C 1.46501 * 119.99965 * 180.02562 * 14 12 11 16 16 H 1.09000 * 112.84815 * 25.33494 * 15 14 12 17 17 C 1.53786 * 113.61521 * 156.53118 * 15 14 12 18 18 C 1.53777 * 87.08218 * 89.11571 * 17 15 14 19 19 H 1.09006 * 113.61522 * 270.79816 * 18 17 15 20 20 C 1.50694 * 113.61403 * 139.98461 * 18 17 15 21 21 C 1.38219 * 119.96900 * 299.71966 * 20 18 17 22 22 C 1.38296 * 120.01669 * 179.72672 * 21 20 18 23 23 Br 1.89102 * 120.02337 * 180.27551 * 22 21 20 24 24 C 1.38527 * 119.95728 * 0.53062 * 22 21 20 25 25 F 1.35094 * 120.03564 * 179.72308 * 24 22 21 26 26 C 1.38457 * 119.93550 * 359.74903 * 24 22 21 27 27 C 1.38188 * 119.98956 * 359.97438 * 26 24 22 28 28 C 1.53783 * 113.61557 * 254.13610 * 15 14 12 29 29 C 1.47016 * 105.61980 * 179.97438 * 11 10 9 30 30 C 1.34177 * 105.95229 * 359.97438 * 29 11 10 31 31 O 1.33655 * 125.80332 * 269.69425 * 10 9 8 32 32 C 1.38733 * 119.88899 * 359.72882 * 7 6 5 33 33 C 1.38152 * 119.94016 * 359.97438 * 32 7 6 34 34 H 0.96695 * 114.00385 * 299.99841 * 1 2 3 35 35 H 1.09000 * 109.47736 * 240.00116 * 2 1 3 36 36 H 1.48504 * 109.99999 * 299.99533 * 3 2 1 37 37 H 1.48501 * 110.00135 * 61.31516 * 3 2 1 38 38 H 1.08007 * 119.97408 * 359.97438 * 5 4 2 39 39 H 1.08001 * 120.02729 * 180.28121 * 6 5 4 40 40 H 1.08999 * 109.47032 * 300.00323 * 9 8 7 41 41 H 1.09004 * 109.46743 * 59.99949 * 9 8 7 42 42 H 0.97006 * 120.00320 * 359.97438 * 14 12 11 43 43 H 1.08999 * 113.61184 * 203.66570 * 17 15 14 44 44 H 1.09001 * 113.61499 * 334.56155 * 17 15 14 45 45 H 1.07996 * 119.99043 * 0.02562 * 21 20 18 46 46 H 1.08004 * 120.00370 * 180.02562 * 26 24 22 47 47 H 1.07995 * 119.97915 * 180.02562 * 27 26 24 48 48 H 1.09007 * 113.60879 * 25.43172 * 28 15 14 49 49 H 1.08995 * 113.61502 * 156.33379 * 28 15 14 50 50 H 1.07999 * 127.02466 * 179.97438 * 29 11 10 51 51 H 1.08000 * 125.43859 * 180.02562 * 30 29 11 52 52 H 1.07994 * 120.02980 * 179.97438 * 32 7 6 53 53 H 1.08003 * 119.96457 * 179.97438 * 33 32 7 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 8 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 6 1.4290 0.0000 0.0000 3 14 2.0499 1.7565 0.0000 4 6 1.9313 -0.7103 1.2306 5 6 2.6435 -0.0121 2.1881 6 6 3.1002 -0.6597 3.3196 7 6 2.8534 -2.0143 3.4894 8 8 3.3059 -2.6548 4.5993 9 6 4.0296 -1.8715 5.5506 10 6 4.4489 -2.7446 6.7051 11 6 5.6163 -3.4449 6.7932 12 6 6.7004 -3.4985 5.7961 13 8 6.6042 -2.8708 4.7590 14 7 7.7987 -4.2424 6.0342 15 6 8.8765 -4.2953 5.0433 16 1 8.9076 -3.4128 4.4043 17 6 10.2430 -4.6731 5.6391 18 6 9.8617 -6.1403 5.3812 19 1 9.3304 -6.6059 6.2114 20 6 11.0048 -6.9807 4.8733 21 6 11.6272 -6.6531 3.6834 22 6 12.6800 -7.4204 3.2192 23 35 13.5367 -6.9677 1.5953 24 6 13.1032 -8.5238 3.9419 25 9 14.1278 -9.2776 3.4871 26 6 12.4746 -8.8537 5.1307 27 6 11.4266 -8.0820 5.5952 28 6 8.9343 -5.6210 4.2661 29 6 5.5672 -4.1348 8.0905 30 6 4.3967 -3.7890 8.6479 31 8 3.7428 -2.9601 7.8193 32 6 2.1434 -2.7139 2.5245 33 6 1.6836 -2.0603 1.3976 34 1 -0.3934 0.4416 0.7650 35 1 1.7924 -0.5138 -0.8900 36 1 1.5615 2.4679 -1.2086 37 1 1.5877 2.4586 1.2242 38 1 2.8396 1.0414 2.0532 39 1 3.6526 -0.1129 4.0695 40 1 4.9145 -1.4487 5.0751 41 1 3.3935 -1.0655 5.9165 42 1 7.8759 -4.7423 6.8619 43 1 11.0889 -4.3305 5.0431 44 1 10.3415 -4.4268 6.6963 45 1 11.2944 -5.7949 3.1185 46 1 12.8040 -9.7135 5.6952 47 1 10.9368 -8.3392 6.5226 48 1 7.9768 -6.1397 4.2157 49 1 9.4230 -5.5372 3.2955 50 1 6.3195 -4.7867 8.5093 51 1 4.0394 -4.1216 9.6113 52 1 1.9503 -3.7685 2.6541 53 1 1.1311 -2.6046 0.6459 There are 80 doubly filled levels RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 80 No. of singly occupied orbitals= 1 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) F: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR AND E. G. ZOEBISCH, THEOCHEM, 180, 1 (1988). Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). Br: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR AND E. G. ZOEBISCH, THEOCHEM, 180, 1 (1988). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=0 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=WATER s_22_9650940_4549634.mol2 53 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Tue Mar 9 2021 12:57:21 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -32.341306 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -41102.059621 eV Core-core repulsion = 35448.707802 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -5653.351820 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 80 and no. of open levels = 1 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 502.067 amu Computer time = 1.22 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -50.07573 -43.70063 -41.57092 -41.29981 -40.27559 -39.27447 -38.70440 -37.31173 -34.82050 -33.89616 -33.49835 -32.82953 -31.98925 -31.53348 -31.39503 -30.39881 -27.99943 -26.69737 -26.43213 -26.09531 -24.74015 -23.97617 -23.78576 -22.75719 -22.40531 -22.14212 -21.03921 -20.12323 -19.51446 -19.21666 -18.85059 -18.38183 -17.76147 -17.50888 -17.21017 -17.14942 -16.99671 -16.84930 -16.69350 -16.62712 -16.34520 -16.11084 -15.85268 -15.77237 -15.56368 -15.45989 -15.07540 -14.72842 -14.64051 -14.58646 -14.39351 -14.32903 -14.21641 -14.05806 -13.95318 -13.76396 -13.63031 -13.46284 -13.44037 -13.26535 -13.08019 -12.37874 -12.32963 -12.15240 -12.10866 -12.07335 -12.00901 -11.62561 -11.56915 -11.40978 -11.25112 -11.14338 -10.94169 -10.59007 -10.14157 -10.05892 -10.01078 -9.80422 -9.59139 -9.26005 -4.91547 -0.17094 -0.02064 0.01262 0.25872 0.28848 0.44407 1.05998 1.32119 1.53187 1.58827 1.94713 2.04929 2.13371 2.31384 2.48104 2.62893 3.03749 3.35958 3.40409 3.44361 3.57899 3.60576 3.63773 3.68661 3.69163 3.74436 3.79188 3.90211 3.92716 3.94605 4.05182 4.08959 4.12586 4.25212 4.28486 4.41681 4.44581 4.47731 4.54275 4.57840 4.68365 4.68812 4.77060 4.82682 4.83477 4.85425 4.88309 4.94834 4.96637 5.04701 5.04965 5.13565 5.17336 5.24555 5.29605 5.38921 5.46631 5.59511 5.67170 5.67933 5.91110 6.25316 6.47681 6.49970 7.14517 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 O -0.549 6.549 2 C -0.077 4.077 3 Si 0.763 3.237 4 C -0.158 4.158 5 C -0.077 4.077 6 C -0.205 4.205 7 C 0.125 3.875 8 O -0.322 6.322 9 C 0.134 3.866 10 C 0.038 3.962 11 C -0.221 4.221 12 C 0.586 3.414 13 O -0.569 6.569 14 N -0.688 5.688 15 C 0.116 3.884 16 H 0.087 0.913 17 C -0.124 4.124 18 C -0.060 4.060 19 H 0.127 0.873 20 C -0.071 4.071 21 C -0.066 4.066 22 C -0.143 4.143 23 Br -0.044 7.044 24 C 0.095 3.905 25 F -0.140 7.140 26 C -0.145 4.145 27 C -0.063 4.063 28 C -0.147 4.147 29 C -0.194 4.194 30 C -0.015 4.015 31 O -0.180 6.180 32 C -0.162 4.162 33 C -0.057 4.057 34 H 0.385 0.615 35 H 0.124 0.876 36 H -0.302 1.302 37 H -0.280 1.280 38 H 0.148 0.852 39 H 0.148 0.852 40 H 0.110 0.890 41 H 0.098 0.902 42 H 0.417 0.583 43 H 0.100 0.900 44 H 0.096 0.904 45 H 0.150 0.850 46 H 0.161 0.839 47 H 0.173 0.827 48 H 0.068 0.932 49 H 0.094 0.906 50 H 0.195 0.805 51 H 0.251 0.749 52 H 0.133 0.867 53 H 0.140 0.860 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges 1.437 -0.738 9.638 9.773 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 O -0.357 6.357 2 C -0.186 4.186 3 Si 0.668 3.332 4 C -0.158 4.158 5 C -0.095 4.095 6 C -0.224 4.224 7 C 0.080 3.920 8 O -0.236 6.236 9 C 0.060 3.940 10 C -0.015 4.015 11 C -0.226 4.226 12 C 0.375 3.625 13 O -0.450 6.450 14 N -0.340 5.340 15 C 0.010 3.990 16 H 0.105 0.895 17 C -0.161 4.161 18 C -0.079 4.079 19 H 0.145 0.855 20 C -0.072 4.072 21 C -0.085 4.085 22 C -0.223 4.223 23 Br 0.041 6.959 24 C 0.073 3.927 25 F -0.119 7.119 26 C -0.164 4.164 27 C -0.081 4.081 28 C -0.186 4.186 29 C -0.212 4.212 30 C -0.080 4.080 31 O -0.075 6.075 32 C -0.181 4.181 33 C -0.075 4.075 34 H 0.235 0.765 35 H 0.141 0.859 36 H -0.230 1.230 37 H -0.206 1.206 38 H 0.165 0.835 39 H 0.165 0.835 40 H 0.127 0.873 41 H 0.116 0.884 42 H 0.254 0.746 43 H 0.119 0.881 44 H 0.114 0.886 45 H 0.168 0.832 46 H 0.179 0.821 47 H 0.190 0.810 48 H 0.087 0.913 49 H 0.112 0.888 50 H 0.212 0.788 51 H 0.266 0.734 52 H 0.151 0.849 53 H 0.157 0.843 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges 1.349 0.276 7.858 7.978 hybrid contribution -0.706 -0.774 0.790 1.312 sum 0.643 -0.498 8.648 8.686 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.86564 1.18621 1.80390 1.50135 1.25152 0.83324 1.11710 0.98439 0.94060 0.90481 0.72189 0.76464 1.20264 1.02576 0.94973 0.98006 1.21044 0.95698 1.00260 0.92488 1.21406 1.06255 0.93367 1.01350 1.19175 0.94407 0.91694 0.86677 1.86049 1.69020 1.38936 1.29630 1.21152 0.98197 0.90734 0.83926 1.22045 0.90951 1.00455 0.88006 1.21374 0.97074 1.05445 0.98731 1.17402 0.81731 0.78601 0.84804 1.90785 1.80179 1.45996 1.28029 1.45284 1.17350 1.48787 1.22530 1.21863 0.87150 0.98776 0.91177 0.89483 1.23387 0.95525 0.93778 1.03457 1.21700 0.93016 0.94001 0.99136 0.85479 1.19941 0.97299 0.96287 0.93722 1.21056 0.92407 0.98734 0.96304 1.22083 1.03072 1.00622 0.96541 1.96799 1.79060 1.92906 1.27119 1.17797 0.88407 0.90990 0.95464 1.91528 1.56737 1.74738 1.88888 1.21471 0.97747 1.02857 0.94359 1.21460 0.94113 0.92244 1.00292 1.23637 1.00150 0.96265 0.98506 1.23267 1.00614 1.04446 0.92917 1.24915 0.92854 0.92940 0.97300 1.83794 1.44936 1.53686 1.25107 1.20628 1.02234 1.01088 0.94158 1.20956 0.96588 0.93889 0.96086 0.76543 0.85864 1.23047 1.20617 0.83479 0.83482 0.87266 0.88432 0.74550 0.88148 0.88580 0.83218 0.82107 0.81008 0.91336 0.88763 0.78754 0.73357 0.84890 0.84254 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 15. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 O -0.55 -2.14 12.83 -148.98 -1.91 -4.06 16 2 C -0.08 -0.08 2.80 71.24 0.20 0.12 16 3 Si 0.76 -0.56 29.87 68.60 2.05 1.49 16 4 C -0.16 -0.39 5.35 -19.85 -0.11 -0.49 16 5 C -0.08 -0.11 8.66 22.25 0.19 0.08 16 6 C -0.21 -0.66 9.04 22.37 0.20 -0.46 16 7 C 0.13 0.86 6.69 22.51 0.15 1.01 16 8 O -0.32 -2.70 10.12 -92.47 -0.94 -3.64 16 9 C 0.13 0.52 4.74 71.23 0.34 0.85 16 10 C 0.04 0.14 7.00 25.26 0.18 0.32 16 11 C -0.22 -0.31 6.31 -18.99 -0.12 -0.43 16 12 C 0.59 1.95 7.81 86.65 0.68 2.63 16 13 O -0.57 -6.14 14.46 -4.06 -0.06 -6.20 16 14 N -0.69 3.02 5.26 -443.33 -2.33 0.69 16 15 C 0.12 -0.51 4.30 45.52 0.20 -0.31 16 16 H 0.09 0.04 7.50 -2.39 -0.02 0.02 16 17 C -0.12 1.15 7.29 31.12 0.23 1.37 16 18 C -0.06 0.58 3.87 -10.92 -0.04 0.53 16 19 H 0.13 -1.75 8.09 -2.38 -0.02 -1.77 16 20 C -0.07 0.43 5.29 -19.86 -0.11 0.32 16 21 C -0.07 0.14 8.36 22.28 0.19 0.33 16 22 C -0.14 -0.36 6.23 22.35 0.14 -0.22 16 23 Br -0.04 -0.21 33.28 -20.37 -0.68 -0.88 16 24 C 0.09 0.28 7.27 22.39 0.16 0.44 16 25 F -0.14 -0.98 16.73 44.97 0.75 -0.23 16 26 C -0.15 0.44 10.03 22.31 0.22 0.66 16 27 C -0.06 0.45 9.71 22.27 0.22 0.67 16 28 C -0.15 0.76 7.27 31.21 0.23 0.99 16 29 C -0.19 1.20 10.60 23.65 0.25 1.45 16 30 C -0.01 0.09 12.03 66.89 0.80 0.89 16 31 O -0.18 -0.24 10.52 4.48 0.05 -0.19 16 32 C -0.16 -0.99 9.99 22.37 0.22 -0.77 16 33 C -0.06 -0.23 9.68 22.25 0.22 -0.01 16 34 H 0.39 -0.63 8.70 -74.06 -0.64 -1.28 16 35 H 0.12 -0.06 7.96 -2.39 -0.02 -0.08 16 36 H -0.30 -2.07 7.11 99.48 0.71 -1.36 16 37 H -0.28 -0.66 7.01 99.48 0.70 0.04 16 38 H 0.15 -0.43 4.84 -2.91 -0.01 -0.44 16 39 H 0.15 -0.13 6.30 -2.91 -0.02 -0.14 16 40 H 0.11 0.51 6.00 -2.39 -0.01 0.49 16 41 H 0.10 -0.05 7.66 -2.39 -0.02 -0.07 16 42 H 0.42 -4.54 7.88 -92.70 -0.73 -5.27 16 43 H 0.10 -0.86 7.73 -2.39 -0.02 -0.88 16 44 H 0.10 -1.12 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 -1.14 16 45 H 0.15 -0.61 6.64 -2.91 -0.02 -0.63 16 46 H 0.16 -1.08 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 -1.10 16 47 H 0.17 -2.36 8.05 -2.91 -0.02 -2.38 16 48 H 0.07 -0.18 8.14 -2.38 -0.02 -0.20 16 49 H 0.09 -0.43 6.30 -2.39 -0.02 -0.45 16 50 H 0.20 -2.74 7.74 -2.91 -0.02 -2.76 16 51 H 0.25 -3.72 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 -3.74 16 52 H 0.13 0.64 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 0.62 16 53 H 0.14 0.27 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 0.25 16 Total: 0.00 -26.57 467.42 1.24 -25.33 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: -21.96 SS G_CDS: -0.32 Total: -22.29 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: 5.35 SS G_CDS: 4.63 Total: 9.99 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: 3.02 SS G_CDS: -2.33 Total: 0.69 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -11.23 SS G_CDS: -2.86 Total: -14.09 kcal Atomic # 9 Polarization: -0.98 SS G_CDS: 0.75 Total: -0.23 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: -0.56 SS G_CDS: 2.05 Total: 1.49 kcal Atomic # 35 Polarization: -0.21 SS G_CDS: -0.68 Total: -0.88 kcal Total: -26.57 1.24 -25.33 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 53 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. s_22_9650940_4549634.mol2 53 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -7.015 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -26.571 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -33.586 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy 1.244 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -25.327 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -32.341 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.22 seconds