Wall clock time and date at job start Tue Mar 31 2020 05:52:21 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= -1 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS WATER ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 C 2 2 C 1.52995 * 1 3 3 N 1.46896 * 109.47492 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.46899 * 111.00277 * 292.92755 * 3 2 1 5 5 C 1.50697 * 109.46777 * 300.96262 * 4 3 2 6 6 O 1.21281 * 120.00349 * 354.08423 * 5 4 3 7 7 N 1.34782 * 120.00480 * 174.08856 * 5 4 3 8 8 C 1.46491 * 120.00474 * 179.97438 * 7 5 4 9 9 C 1.50699 * 109.47005 * 179.97438 * 8 7 5 10 10 H 1.07993 * 120.00325 * 0.02562 * 9 8 7 11 11 C 1.37883 * 119.99849 * 180.02562 * 9 8 7 12 12 N 1.31509 * 119.99793 * 180.02562 * 11 9 8 13 13 Si 1.86799 * 120.00060 * 0.02562 * 11 9 8 14 14 H 1.48491 * 109.47333 * 90.00042 * 13 11 9 15 15 H 1.48504 * 109.47129 * 210.00401 * 13 11 9 16 16 H 1.48505 * 109.46964 * 329.99783 * 13 11 9 17 17 C 1.46896 * 111.00447 * 168.96563 * 3 2 1 18 18 H 1.09003 * 110.87142 * 67.80570 * 17 3 2 19 19 C 1.55392 * 111.06166 * 191.53947 * 17 3 2 20 20 C 1.54321 * 102.90115 * 153.65237 * 19 17 3 21 21 N 1.47439 * 107.36700 * 337.90018 * 20 19 17 22 22 C 1.46908 * 110.99667 * 236.65836 * 21 20 19 23 23 H 1.08994 * 109.46850 * 57.11278 * 22 21 20 24 24 C 1.53002 * 109.47135 * 297.10809 * 22 21 20 25 25 C 1.50708 * 109.47072 * 177.11126 * 22 21 20 26 26 C 1.38239 * 119.99794 * 43.92363 * 25 22 21 27 27 C 1.38233 * 119.99370 * 179.76574 * 26 25 22 28 28 C 1.38234 * 120.00435 * 0.51263 * 27 26 25 29 29 C 1.38236 * 119.99633 * 359.73849 * 28 27 26 30 30 C 1.38226 * 120.00040 * 224.19998 * 25 22 21 31 31 C 1.47842 * 108.57345 * 358.92426 * 21 20 19 32 32 H 1.08997 * 109.47189 * 306.34676 * 1 2 3 33 33 H 1.09003 * 109.47480 * 66.34763 * 1 2 3 34 34 H 1.09002 * 109.47601 * 186.34451 * 1 2 3 35 35 H 1.09000 * 109.47351 * 239.99930 * 2 1 3 36 36 H 1.09005 * 109.47096 * 120.00310 * 2 1 3 37 37 H 1.09003 * 109.47368 * 60.95959 * 4 3 2 38 38 H 1.08996 * 109.47450 * 180.95821 * 4 3 2 39 39 H 0.97000 * 119.99107 * 359.97438 * 7 5 4 40 40 H 1.08998 * 109.47202 * 300.00206 * 8 7 5 41 41 H 1.09004 * 109.46893 * 60.00029 * 8 7 5 42 42 H 0.97005 * 119.99985 * 179.97438 * 12 11 9 43 43 H 1.09003 * 110.67691 * 35.35065 * 19 17 3 44 44 H 1.08996 * 110.85017 * 272.03737 * 19 17 3 45 45 H 1.08997 * 109.89165 * 218.41303 * 20 19 17 46 46 H 1.08996 * 109.88726 * 97.38113 * 20 19 17 47 47 H 1.08999 * 109.46814 * 60.00156 * 24 22 21 48 48 H 1.09001 * 109.46949 * 180.02562 * 24 22 21 49 49 H 1.08999 * 109.47241 * 300.00191 * 24 22 21 50 50 H 1.07992 * 120.00010 * 0.02562 * 26 25 22 51 51 H 1.08000 * 119.99575 * 180.22914 * 27 26 25 52 52 H 1.07996 * 120.00329 * 179.72484 * 28 27 26 53 53 H 1.07998 * 119.99800 * 179.97438 * 29 28 27 54 54 H 1.08004 * 120.00374 * 0.02562 * 30 25 22 55 55 H 1.08998 * 110.37797 * 142.92062 * 31 21 20 56 56 H 1.08998 * 110.37934 * 265.15949 * 31 21 20 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 6 1.5300 0.0000 0.0000 3 7 2.0197 1.3849 0.0000 4 6 1.6915 2.0594 -1.2631 5 6 2.3135 1.3066 -2.4108 6 8 3.0532 0.3706 -2.1923 7 7 2.0479 1.6733 -3.6803 8 6 2.6530 0.9419 -4.7960 9 6 2.1977 1.5468 -6.0990 10 1 1.5253 2.3919 -6.0963 11 6 2.6397 1.0213 -7.2947 12 7 2.2428 1.5495 -8.4317 13 14 3.8022 -0.4409 -7.2994 14 1 3.0145 -1.6994 -7.3229 15 1 4.6714 -0.3783 -8.5019 16 1 4.6450 -0.4071 -6.0772 17 6 3.4642 1.4326 0.2625 18 1 4.0242 1.0013 -0.5673 19 6 3.9320 2.8864 0.5495 20 6 5.1846 2.6785 1.4266 21 7 5.0793 1.3391 2.0338 22 6 5.1465 1.4187 3.4992 23 1 4.3573 2.0762 3.8638 24 6 6.5086 1.9757 3.9178 25 6 4.9648 0.0425 4.0859 26 6 5.6238 -1.0383 3.5303 27 6 5.4609 -2.2998 4.0716 28 6 4.6307 -2.4823 5.1617 29 6 3.9676 -1.4024 5.7139 30 6 4.1347 -0.1401 5.1760 31 6 3.8100 0.7213 1.5945 32 1 -0.3633 0.6090 0.8277 33 1 -0.3634 0.4123 -0.9413 34 1 -0.3634 -1.0214 0.1136 35 1 1.8933 -0.5138 -0.8900 36 1 1.8933 -0.5139 0.8900 37 1 0.6093 2.0863 -1.3902 38 1 2.0803 3.0775 -1.2430 39 1 1.4560 2.4217 -3.8550 40 1 3.7388 1.0048 -4.7255 41 1 2.3461 -0.1033 -4.7542 42 1 2.5540 1.1801 -9.2730 43 1 3.1658 3.4364 1.0960 44 1 4.1906 3.4006 -0.3761 45 1 5.2207 3.4379 2.2076 46 1 6.0821 2.7369 0.8109 47 1 6.6400 2.9711 3.4934 48 1 6.5586 2.0344 5.0051 49 1 7.2977 1.3182 3.5531 50 1 6.2692 -0.8963 2.6762 51 1 5.9787 -3.1435 3.6398 52 1 4.5000 -3.4686 5.5817 53 1 3.3187 -1.5451 6.5654 54 1 3.6159 0.7035 5.6070 55 1 3.9452 -0.3477 1.4298 56 1 3.0277 0.8947 2.3334 RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 69 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=-1 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=WATER ZINC000106632239.mol2 56 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Tue Mar 31 2020 05:52:21 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -15.075735 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -33196.787197 eV Core-core repulsion = 29104.893638 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -4091.893559 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 69 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 359.231 amu Computer time = 1.53 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -41.55322 -40.69614 -39.34221 -37.53561 -36.04961 -34.62774 -34.44553 -31.94578 -31.72650 -31.11458 -30.25641 -30.00740 -28.82080 -26.56874 -24.82560 -24.16953 -23.46423 -23.11201 -22.05865 -21.72160 -21.01476 -20.69375 -19.07539 -18.08792 -17.72918 -17.52442 -17.20505 -16.89325 -16.56759 -16.15365 -16.08046 -15.96131 -15.50259 -15.24940 -14.90989 -14.84421 -14.53927 -14.49528 -14.34735 -14.19470 -14.13548 -14.01018 -13.57084 -13.37430 -13.30910 -13.08047 -12.95200 -12.90200 -12.76052 -12.54522 -12.44345 -12.30675 -12.15059 -11.97918 -11.83976 -11.74694 -11.68632 -11.65745 -11.59095 -11.47897 -11.38127 -10.94435 -9.90503 -9.77532 -9.58906 -9.28288 -9.19556 -8.42963 -6.49641 0.46608 0.54976 1.28338 1.31109 1.43026 1.67372 2.24203 2.49193 2.62847 2.90921 2.92241 3.18568 3.54937 3.70447 3.82978 3.96218 4.03285 4.06922 4.19638 4.23607 4.30434 4.34001 4.34341 4.36967 4.43921 4.45094 4.52765 4.63080 4.64955 4.65718 4.71672 4.73800 4.77640 4.84436 4.87874 4.94825 4.98673 4.98984 5.03765 5.07963 5.11962 5.16511 5.21112 5.23797 5.26410 5.31878 5.37376 5.54643 5.58576 5.66543 5.69679 5.89585 5.93257 6.06453 6.09280 6.15365 6.22389 6.51732 6.82266 7.13048 7.39329 8.71632 Molecular weight = 359.23amu Principal moments of inertia in cm(-1) A = 0.013374 B = 0.002211 C = 0.002201 Principal moments of inertia in units of 10**(-40)*gram-cm**2 A = 2093.080291 B =12663.329896 C =12717.456925 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.140 4.140 2 C 0.031 3.969 3 N -0.491 5.491 4 C 0.039 3.961 5 C 0.469 3.531 6 O -0.586 6.586 7 N -0.705 5.705 8 C 0.235 3.765 9 C -0.546 4.546 10 H 0.061 0.939 11 C 0.027 3.973 12 N -0.929 5.929 13 Si 0.936 3.064 14 H -0.266 1.266 15 H -0.272 1.272 16 H -0.264 1.264 17 C 0.057 3.943 18 H 0.052 0.948 19 C -0.127 4.127 20 C 0.047 3.953 21 N -0.531 5.531 22 C 0.119 3.881 23 H 0.055 0.945 24 C -0.135 4.135 25 C -0.086 4.086 26 C -0.107 4.107 27 C -0.136 4.136 28 C -0.129 4.129 29 C -0.126 4.126 30 C -0.123 4.123 31 C 0.076 3.924 32 H 0.073 0.927 33 H 0.048 0.952 34 H 0.063 0.937 35 H 0.035 0.965 36 H 0.072 0.928 37 H 0.126 0.874 38 H 0.124 0.876 39 H 0.408 0.592 40 H 0.008 0.992 41 H 0.006 0.994 42 H 0.272 0.728 43 H 0.088 0.912 44 H 0.069 0.931 45 H 0.078 0.922 46 H 0.071 0.929 47 H 0.068 0.932 48 H 0.070 0.930 49 H 0.054 0.946 50 H 0.115 0.885 51 H 0.128 0.872 52 H 0.137 0.863 53 H 0.141 0.859 54 H 0.133 0.867 55 H 0.054 0.946 56 H 0.054 0.946 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges 2.511 0.233 31.513 31.614 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.198 4.198 2 C -0.096 4.096 3 N -0.213 5.213 4 C -0.093 4.093 5 C 0.256 3.744 6 O -0.468 6.468 7 N -0.355 5.355 8 C 0.111 3.889 9 C -0.584 4.584 10 H 0.079 0.921 11 C -0.173 4.173 12 N -0.568 5.568 13 Si 0.760 3.240 14 H -0.191 1.191 15 H -0.197 1.197 16 H -0.189 1.189 17 C -0.052 4.052 18 H 0.070 0.930 19 C -0.166 4.166 20 C -0.080 4.080 21 N -0.256 5.256 22 C 0.011 3.989 23 H 0.073 0.927 24 C -0.193 4.193 25 C -0.087 4.087 26 C -0.125 4.125 27 C -0.154 4.154 28 C -0.147 4.147 29 C -0.144 4.144 30 C -0.142 4.142 31 C -0.052 4.052 32 H 0.092 0.908 33 H 0.067 0.933 34 H 0.082 0.918 35 H 0.053 0.947 36 H 0.090 0.910 37 H 0.144 0.856 38 H 0.142 0.858 39 H 0.244 0.756 40 H 0.025 0.975 41 H 0.024 0.976 42 H 0.082 0.918 43 H 0.106 0.894 44 H 0.087 0.913 45 H 0.096 0.904 46 H 0.090 0.910 47 H 0.087 0.913 48 H 0.089 0.911 49 H 0.073 0.927 50 H 0.133 0.867 51 H 0.146 0.854 52 H 0.155 0.845 53 H 0.159 0.841 54 H 0.151 0.849 55 H 0.072 0.928 56 H 0.072 0.928 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges 3.231 -0.477 31.697 31.865 hybrid contribution 0.075 -0.502 -1.499 1.583 sum 3.305 -0.979 30.198 30.394 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.21740 0.93536 1.02277 1.02212 1.22327 0.96785 0.89183 1.01340 1.62643 1.13559 1.16522 1.28555 1.22460 1.03170 0.99090 0.84530 1.22739 0.81421 0.84816 0.85434 1.90579 1.39566 1.31704 1.84969 1.46219 1.48770 1.34913 1.05593 1.19008 0.93000 0.91921 0.85014 1.21299 1.30076 1.17120 0.89869 0.92116 1.25582 0.97323 0.99450 0.94982 1.69975 1.45718 1.42844 0.98252 0.85881 0.79719 0.80032 0.78360 1.19099 1.19716 1.18862 1.23001 0.88205 0.96808 0.97201 0.92995 1.22834 0.97913 0.95435 1.00421 1.22773 0.97872 0.89638 0.97746 1.63573 1.34166 1.20252 1.07572 1.20766 0.98695 0.92717 0.86683 0.92693 1.21827 0.94916 1.01038 1.01507 1.19861 0.97544 0.94963 0.96299 1.21072 0.99477 0.92656 0.99341 1.21404 0.99533 0.97373 0.97120 1.21427 0.96954 0.99886 0.96430 1.21387 0.99942 0.92488 1.00597 1.21250 0.98433 0.98192 0.96302 1.22658 0.90060 0.97726 0.94728 0.90760 0.93296 0.91798 0.94699 0.90986 0.85574 0.85770 0.75601 0.97456 0.97589 0.91838 0.89357 0.91271 0.90413 0.91030 0.91333 0.91142 0.92679 0.86698 0.85446 0.84493 0.84117 0.84903 0.92761 0.92768 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 15. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 C -0.14 -3.01 9.70 71.98 0.70 -2.31 16 2 C 0.03 0.84 5.20 86.30 0.45 1.29 16 3 N -0.49 -12.19 4.61 -866.94 -3.99 -16.18 16 4 C 0.04 0.97 5.48 85.56 0.47 1.43 16 5 C 0.47 16.70 7.10 87.66 0.62 17.32 16 6 O -0.59 -25.26 11.70 -3.03 -0.04 -25.29 16 7 N -0.70 -27.53 5.55 -466.80 -2.59 -30.12 16 8 C 0.23 11.53 4.50 85.63 0.38 11.92 16 9 C -0.55 -30.12 9.83 25.60 0.25 -29.87 16 10 H 0.06 3.50 7.84 -2.91 -0.02 3.48 16 11 C 0.03 1.54 5.47 84.66 0.46 2.00 16 12 N -0.93 -55.51 13.96 21.45 0.30 -55.22 16 13 Si 0.94 44.61 27.47 68.60 1.88 46.49 16 14 H -0.27 -12.30 7.11 99.48 0.71 -11.59 16 15 H -0.27 -12.41 7.11 99.48 0.71 -11.71 16 16 H -0.26 -12.61 6.54 99.48 0.65 -11.95 16 17 C 0.06 1.50 2.36 46.39 0.11 1.61 16 18 H 0.05 1.85 5.65 -2.39 -0.01 1.83 16 19 C -0.13 -2.64 5.64 31.87 0.18 -2.46 16 20 C 0.05 0.90 6.15 86.65 0.53 1.43 16 21 N -0.53 -11.29 4.48 -864.74 -3.87 -15.16 16 22 C 0.12 2.08 1.82 44.17 0.08 2.16 16 23 H 0.06 0.90 7.96 -2.39 -0.02 0.88 16 24 C -0.14 -2.00 9.05 71.98 0.65 -1.34 16 25 C -0.09 -1.62 3.94 -19.86 -0.08 -1.70 16 26 C -0.11 -2.23 8.65 22.27 0.19 -2.04 16 27 C -0.14 -2.54 10.05 22.27 0.22 -2.31 16 28 C -0.13 -2.06 10.05 22.27 0.22 -1.83 16 29 C -0.13 -1.90 10.05 22.27 0.22 -1.67 16 30 C -0.12 -2.01 9.67 22.27 0.22 -1.79 16 31 C 0.08 1.84 3.72 86.77 0.32 2.16 16 32 H 0.07 1.38 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.36 16 33 H 0.05 1.08 6.91 -2.39 -0.02 1.06 16 34 H 0.06 1.27 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.25 16 35 H 0.03 1.21 5.36 -2.39 -0.01 1.20 16 36 H 0.07 1.87 6.44 -2.38 -0.02 1.86 16 37 H 0.13 2.59 6.69 -2.39 -0.02 2.58 16 38 H 0.12 2.56 7.19 -2.39 -0.02 2.54 16 39 H 0.41 13.84 8.32 -92.71 -0.77 13.07 16 40 H 0.01 0.39 7.20 -2.39 -0.02 0.38 16 41 H 0.01 0.32 7.57 -2.39 -0.02 0.30 16 42 H 0.27 15.17 8.31 -92.70 -0.77 14.40 16 43 H 0.09 1.60 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.58 16 44 H 0.07 1.48 8.01 -2.39 -0.02 1.46 16 45 H 0.08 1.16 6.54 -2.39 -0.02 1.14 16 46 H 0.07 1.46 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.44 16 47 H 0.07 0.89 6.68 -2.39 -0.02 0.87 16 48 H 0.07 0.88 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 0.86 16 49 H 0.05 0.94 8.13 -2.39 -0.02 0.92 16 50 H 0.11 2.64 7.84 -2.91 -0.02 2.62 16 51 H 0.13 2.03 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 2.01 16 52 H 0.14 1.58 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 1.55 16 53 H 0.14 1.43 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 1.41 16 54 H 0.13 1.68 8.01 -2.91 -0.02 1.65 16 55 H 0.05 1.53 7.40 -2.39 -0.02 1.52 16 56 H 0.05 1.27 7.74 -2.39 -0.02 1.25 16 Total: -1.00 -68.19 427.61 -2.06 -70.25 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: 31.19 SS G_CDS: 0.03 Total: 31.23 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: -12.22 SS G_CDS: 6.22 Total: -6.00 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: -106.52 SS G_CDS: -10.16 Total: -116.68 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -25.26 SS G_CDS: -0.04 Total: -25.29 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: 44.61 SS G_CDS: 1.88 Total: 46.49 kcal Total: -68.19 -2.06 -70.25 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 56 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. ZINC000106632239.mol2 56 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute 55.174 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -68.193 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -13.019 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy -2.057 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -70.250 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -15.076 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.53 seconds