Wall clock time and date at job start Tue Mar 31 2020 06:46:41 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= -1 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * DEV - DEVELOPER OPTIONS ARE ALLOWED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS USER-SPECIFIED * DIELEC - THE SOLVENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT IS 2.06 * IOFR - THE SOLVENT INDEX OF REFRACTION IS 1.4345 * ALPHA - THE SOLVENT ALPHA IS 0.00 * BETA - THE SOLVENT BETA IS 0.00 * GAMMA - THE SOLVENT MACROSCOPIC SURFACE TENSION IS * 38.93 CAL MOL^-1 ANGSTROM^-2 * FACARB - THE FRACTION OF AROMATIC CARBONS IS 0.00 * FEHALO - THE FRACTION OF ELECTRONEGATIVE HALOGENS IS 0.00 ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 C 2 2 C 1.53000 * 1 3 3 C 1.53001 * 109.47265 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.53000 * 109.47265 * 179.97438 * 3 2 1 5 5 C 1.52999 * 110.53579 * 302.83541 * 4 3 2 6 6 N 1.47318 * 110.73060 * 65.75034 * 4 3 2 7 7 C 1.34524 * 106.61568 * 118.36510 * 6 4 3 8 8 O 1.21541 * 123.77030 * 180.21051 * 7 6 4 9 9 N 1.33793 * 112.46172 * 0.38792 * 7 6 4 10 10 C 1.46495 * 124.17849 * 179.85829 * 9 7 6 11 11 C 1.52996 * 109.47430 * 269.70101 * 10 9 7 12 12 H 1.09001 * 109.47357 * 304.99909 * 11 10 9 13 13 O 1.42905 * 109.47046 * 64.99983 * 11 10 9 14 14 C 1.53005 * 109.47284 * 185.00056 * 11 10 9 15 15 O 1.42899 * 109.46868 * 175.00013 * 14 11 10 16 16 C 1.35678 * 116.99704 * 180.02562 * 15 14 11 17 17 C 1.39320 * 119.81709 * 359.72143 * 16 15 14 18 18 C 1.36437 * 120.18348 * 179.76126 * 17 16 15 19 19 C 1.40834 * 119.80868 * 0.51855 * 18 17 16 20 20 C 1.41216 * 120.17434 * 179.71809 * 19 18 17 21 21 H 1.07999 * 119.99930 * 204.56402 * 20 19 18 22 22 C 1.39887 * 120.00297 * 24.56730 * 20 19 18 23 23 N 1.30883 * 120.00242 * 17.91503 * 22 20 19 24 24 Si 1.86803 * 119.99969 * 197.92446 * 22 20 19 25 25 H 1.48491 * 109.47182 * 59.99571 * 24 22 20 26 26 H 1.48503 * 109.46796 * 179.97438 * 24 22 20 27 27 H 1.48504 * 109.46991 * 299.99234 * 24 22 20 28 28 C 1.40828 * 119.64430 * 359.73285 * 19 18 17 29 29 C 1.36441 * 119.81239 * 0.02562 * 28 19 18 30 30 C 1.34765 * 111.64147 * 359.59583 * 9 7 6 31 31 O 1.21229 * 127.15455 * 180.19718 * 30 9 7 32 32 H 1.08997 * 109.47070 * 59.99767 * 1 2 3 33 33 H 1.08995 * 109.47075 * 179.97438 * 1 2 3 34 34 H 1.09002 * 109.46404 * 299.99790 * 1 2 3 35 35 H 1.09004 * 109.47104 * 240.00457 * 2 1 3 36 36 H 1.09005 * 109.47412 * 120.00254 * 2 1 3 37 37 H 1.09003 * 109.47209 * 60.00166 * 3 2 1 38 38 H 1.08997 * 109.47267 * 300.00112 * 3 2 1 39 39 H 1.09004 * 109.47070 * 297.86341 * 5 4 3 40 40 H 1.08994 * 109.47405 * 57.86964 * 5 4 3 41 41 H 1.09008 * 109.47017 * 177.86991 * 5 4 3 42 42 H 0.96995 * 126.68878 * 298.63109 * 6 4 3 43 43 H 1.09006 * 109.46918 * 149.69911 * 10 9 7 44 44 H 1.08999 * 109.47150 * 29.70190 * 10 9 7 45 45 H 0.96701 * 113.99903 * 60.00674 * 13 11 10 46 46 H 1.08994 * 109.47051 * 295.00182 * 14 11 10 47 47 H 1.09003 * 109.46985 * 54.99763 * 14 11 10 48 48 H 1.07998 * 119.90244 * 0.02562 * 17 16 15 49 49 H 1.07998 * 120.09131 * 180.24978 * 18 17 16 50 50 H 0.97002 * 120.00574 * 179.97438 * 23 22 20 51 51 H 1.08006 * 120.09155 * 179.97438 * 28 19 18 52 52 H 1.07994 * 119.90640 * 180.02562 * 29 28 19 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 6 1.5300 0.0000 0.0000 3 6 2.0400 1.4425 0.0000 4 6 3.5700 1.4425 0.0006 5 6 4.1062 0.6658 1.2048 6 7 4.0920 0.8764 -1.2553 7 6 4.8012 1.8518 -1.8514 8 8 5.3690 1.7191 -2.9178 9 7 4.8149 2.9832 -1.1374 10 6 5.5120 4.2054 -1.5452 11 6 6.9392 4.1866 -0.9942 12 1 6.9099 4.0429 0.0859 13 8 7.6687 3.1161 -1.5975 14 6 7.6267 5.5157 -1.3134 15 8 8.9168 5.5441 -0.6994 16 6 9.6629 6.6620 -0.8854 17 6 9.1602 7.7107 -1.6525 18 6 9.9021 8.8402 -1.8404 19 6 11.1839 8.9396 -1.2654 20 6 11.9609 10.1026 -1.4598 21 1 13.0370 10.0520 -1.3840 22 6 11.3367 11.3203 -1.7505 23 7 10.0610 11.4771 -1.5037 24 14 12.3239 12.7225 -2.4913 25 1 12.8950 12.2923 -3.7928 26 1 11.4368 13.8943 -2.7036 27 1 13.4246 13.0954 -1.5667 28 6 11.6867 7.8727 -0.4958 29 6 10.9299 6.7521 -0.3135 30 6 4.1034 2.8614 0.0007 31 8 3.9272 3.7099 0.8484 32 1 -0.3633 0.5139 -0.8899 33 1 -0.3633 -1.0276 -0.0005 34 1 -0.3632 0.5138 0.8901 35 1 1.8933 -0.5138 -0.8901 36 1 1.8934 -0.5139 0.8900 37 1 1.6767 1.9564 0.8900 38 1 1.6767 1.9564 -0.8899 39 1 3.7835 1.1535 2.1247 40 1 3.7219 -0.3538 1.1800 41 1 5.1955 0.6445 1.1678 42 1 3.9487 -0.0229 -1.5893 43 1 4.9825 5.0738 -1.1531 44 1 5.5434 4.2599 -2.6334 45 1 7.7353 3.1790 -2.5602 46 1 7.7357 5.6183 -2.3930 47 1 7.0233 6.3383 -0.9294 48 1 8.1787 7.6311 -2.0961 49 1 9.5093 9.6539 -2.4319 50 1 9.6282 12.3216 -1.7049 51 1 12.6690 7.9410 -0.0519 52 1 11.3139 5.9333 0.2767 RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 71 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=-1 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=GENORG IOFR=1.4345 ALPHA=0.00 BETA=0.00 GAMMA=38.93 & DIELEC=2.06 FACARB=0.00 FEHALO=0.00 DEV ZINC000051373765.mol2 52 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Tue Mar 31 2020 06:46:41 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -120.967549 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -34216.122568 eV Core-core repulsion = 29567.403246 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -4648.719321 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 71 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 376.188 amu Computer time = 1.76 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -42.92930 -39.09639 -38.91873 -37.95026 -37.14601 -36.11657 -35.60693 -34.04567 -33.33775 -31.19536 -30.80783 -29.63231 -29.10367 -27.52543 -26.90335 -24.89333 -24.48238 -23.11479 -22.46873 -21.09345 -20.95821 -20.67606 -20.33837 -18.33108 -17.41102 -17.30133 -17.09436 -16.71417 -16.53916 -16.13876 -15.97165 -15.69955 -15.40398 -15.21301 -14.80833 -14.54298 -14.46225 -14.14156 -14.05462 -13.93369 -13.68975 -13.40900 -13.08203 -12.79291 -12.77019 -12.45452 -12.40542 -12.31558 -12.06506 -11.96671 -11.81723 -11.76705 -11.47432 -11.29158 -11.22498 -11.10328 -11.05586 -11.01388 -10.61814 -10.50051 -10.35821 -9.94031 -9.88907 -9.81082 -9.65885 -9.36309 -9.00865 -7.65244 -7.01350 -6.72686 -4.24963 1.28771 1.81991 2.69143 2.73056 2.78110 2.97185 3.07744 3.10637 3.22822 3.47343 3.83051 3.91949 3.95359 4.11049 4.28581 4.44009 4.49884 4.60568 4.61851 4.80071 4.81583 4.92538 4.98639 5.02445 5.06846 5.12208 5.18396 5.21078 5.23421 5.33226 5.41112 5.44754 5.53815 5.61179 5.62854 5.67521 5.70614 5.92957 6.10176 6.28668 6.42015 6.70844 6.72610 6.89386 7.02929 7.06945 7.28295 7.40728 7.56094 7.63892 7.83311 7.90479 8.00289 8.15610 8.44070 8.64844 8.90388 8.99363 10.22124 Molecular weight = 376.19amu Principal moments of inertia in cm(-1) A = 0.022182 B = 0.001536 C = 0.001511 Principal moments of inertia in units of 10**(-40)*gram-cm**2 A = 1261.971301 B =18229.131911 C =18528.992107 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.153 4.153 2 C -0.124 4.124 3 C -0.114 4.114 4 C 0.122 3.878 5 C -0.151 4.151 6 N -0.721 5.721 7 C 0.708 3.292 8 O -0.535 6.535 9 N -0.568 5.568 10 C 0.087 3.913 11 C 0.096 3.904 12 H 0.109 0.891 13 O -0.544 6.544 14 C 0.042 3.958 15 O -0.317 6.317 16 C -0.011 4.011 17 C -0.174 4.174 18 C -0.134 4.134 19 C 0.087 3.913 20 C -0.463 4.463 21 H 0.077 0.923 22 C 0.075 3.925 23 N -0.800 5.800 24 Si 0.907 3.093 25 H -0.264 1.264 26 H -0.279 1.279 27 H -0.266 1.266 28 C -0.196 4.196 29 C -0.111 4.111 30 C 0.528 3.472 31 O -0.460 6.460 32 H 0.055 0.945 33 H 0.057 0.943 34 H 0.057 0.943 35 H 0.064 0.936 36 H 0.072 0.928 37 H 0.090 0.910 38 H 0.074 0.926 39 H 0.084 0.916 40 H 0.082 0.918 41 H 0.070 0.930 42 H 0.438 0.562 43 H 0.108 0.892 44 H 0.105 0.895 45 H 0.378 0.622 46 H 0.058 0.942 47 H 0.062 0.938 48 H 0.093 0.907 49 H 0.121 0.879 50 H 0.280 0.720 51 H 0.100 0.900 52 H 0.097 0.903 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -20.087 -20.858 1.507 28.997 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.210 4.210 2 C -0.161 4.161 3 C -0.153 4.153 4 C 0.032 3.968 5 C -0.209 4.209 6 N -0.386 5.386 7 C 0.409 3.591 8 O -0.408 6.408 9 N -0.313 5.313 10 C -0.034 4.034 11 C 0.036 3.964 12 H 0.127 0.873 13 O -0.349 6.349 14 C -0.035 4.035 15 O -0.232 6.232 16 C -0.054 4.054 17 C -0.193 4.193 18 C -0.153 4.153 19 C 0.085 3.915 20 C -0.493 4.493 21 H 0.095 0.905 22 C -0.141 4.141 23 N -0.426 5.426 24 Si 0.732 3.268 25 H -0.189 1.189 26 H -0.204 1.204 27 H -0.190 1.190 28 C -0.216 4.216 29 C -0.130 4.130 30 C 0.314 3.686 31 O -0.328 6.328 32 H 0.074 0.926 33 H 0.076 0.924 34 H 0.076 0.924 35 H 0.082 0.918 36 H 0.091 0.909 37 H 0.109 0.891 38 H 0.093 0.907 39 H 0.103 0.897 40 H 0.101 0.899 41 H 0.090 0.910 42 H 0.282 0.718 43 H 0.126 0.874 44 H 0.123 0.877 45 H 0.226 0.774 46 H 0.076 0.924 47 H 0.080 0.920 48 H 0.111 0.889 49 H 0.139 0.861 50 H 0.091 0.909 51 H 0.118 0.882 52 H 0.115 0.885 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -19.903 -20.519 2.097 28.662 hybrid contribution 0.071 0.858 -1.160 1.445 sum -19.832 -19.660 0.937 27.941 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.21758 0.95094 1.02018 1.02180 1.21569 0.96561 0.95399 1.02584 1.21856 0.89979 0.99113 1.04351 1.21482 0.96689 0.91237 0.87422 1.22071 1.02414 1.00796 0.95589 1.45633 1.55240 1.15150 1.22561 1.15773 0.79431 0.80420 0.83494 1.91005 1.47879 1.81397 1.20533 1.46194 1.48580 1.14306 1.22249 1.22364 0.93519 0.84890 1.02652 1.22236 0.87848 0.86891 0.99444 0.87347 1.86616 1.76002 1.46726 1.25540 1.22982 0.85914 0.96726 0.97913 1.85858 1.26723 1.38530 1.72124 1.18590 0.93203 0.87154 1.06463 1.20597 0.99602 0.95618 1.03495 1.20932 0.96143 0.96297 1.01955 1.17597 0.92257 0.92209 0.89427 1.19442 0.94740 0.92281 1.42876 0.90514 1.25872 0.95009 1.00075 0.93190 1.69831 1.11334 1.26113 1.35367 0.86384 0.80291 0.79571 0.80554 1.18899 1.20436 1.19042 1.20602 1.00274 0.95739 1.04969 1.19608 0.92449 0.98445 1.02463 1.20833 0.77372 0.89612 0.80777 1.90826 1.56984 1.46495 1.38537 0.92611 0.92383 0.92382 0.91771 0.90932 0.89122 0.90694 0.89694 0.89919 0.91048 0.71775 0.87375 0.87672 0.77440 0.92421 0.91952 0.88859 0.86119 0.90945 0.88190 0.88501 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 17. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 C -0.15 -0.50 9.91 37.16 0.37 -0.13 16 2 C -0.12 -0.38 5.43 -26.73 -0.15 -0.53 16 3 C -0.11 -0.55 4.58 -26.73 -0.12 -0.67 16 4 C 0.12 0.80 1.01 -132.09 -0.13 0.66 16 5 C -0.15 -0.79 8.61 37.16 0.32 -0.47 16 6 N -0.72 -4.96 5.62 -52.93 -0.30 -5.25 16 7 C 0.71 7.56 8.32 -88.02 -0.73 6.83 16 8 O -0.54 -7.31 17.27 5.33 0.09 -7.22 16 9 N -0.57 -5.99 2.57 -120.73 -0.31 -6.30 16 10 C 0.09 0.93 5.35 -4.05 -0.02 0.90 16 11 C 0.10 1.28 3.49 -26.73 -0.09 1.19 16 12 H 0.11 1.58 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 1.16 16 13 O -0.54 -7.91 12.76 -40.28 -0.51 -8.42 16 14 C 0.04 0.66 4.37 37.16 0.16 0.82 16 15 O -0.32 -6.57 10.09 -23.59 -0.24 -6.81 16 16 C -0.01 -0.26 6.71 -38.78 -0.26 -0.52 16 17 C -0.17 -4.09 8.96 -39.83 -0.36 -4.45 16 18 C -0.13 -3.49 8.64 -39.25 -0.34 -3.82 16 19 C 0.09 2.35 5.57 -106.81 -0.60 1.76 16 20 C -0.46 -12.37 9.04 -37.83 -0.34 -12.71 16 21 H 0.08 1.96 7.91 -52.49 -0.41 1.55 16 22 C 0.08 1.90 5.13 -17.34 -0.09 1.81 16 23 N -0.80 -20.77 10.96 55.54 0.61 -20.17 16 24 Si 0.91 18.77 29.60 -169.99 -5.03 13.74 16 25 H -0.26 -5.43 7.11 56.52 0.40 -5.03 16 26 H -0.28 -5.63 7.11 56.52 0.40 -5.22 16 27 H -0.27 -5.43 7.11 56.52 0.40 -5.03 16 28 C -0.20 -4.91 9.74 -39.25 -0.38 -5.29 16 29 C -0.11 -2.64 9.92 -39.83 -0.40 -3.03 16 30 C 0.53 5.31 6.98 -10.56 -0.07 5.23 16 31 O -0.46 -5.76 17.76 5.60 0.10 -5.66 16 32 H 0.05 0.20 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.22 16 33 H 0.06 0.17 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.26 16 34 H 0.06 0.19 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.23 16 35 H 0.06 0.17 7.41 -51.93 -0.38 -0.21 16 36 H 0.07 0.18 6.42 -51.93 -0.33 -0.16 16 37 H 0.09 0.44 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.02 16 38 H 0.07 0.40 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.02 16 39 H 0.08 0.43 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.01 16 40 H 0.08 0.25 6.37 -51.93 -0.33 -0.08 16 41 H 0.07 0.47 8.14 -51.92 -0.42 0.05 16 42 H 0.44 2.01 8.41 -40.82 -0.34 1.67 16 43 H 0.11 1.03 8.00 -51.93 -0.42 0.61 16 44 H 0.11 1.00 7.85 -51.93 -0.41 0.59 16 45 H 0.38 4.65 9.05 45.56 0.41 5.06 16 46 H 0.06 0.84 7.64 -51.93 -0.40 0.45 16 47 H 0.06 0.94 7.66 -51.93 -0.40 0.54 16 48 H 0.09 1.91 6.27 -52.49 -0.33 1.59 16 49 H 0.12 3.22 6.16 -52.49 -0.32 2.89 16 50 H 0.28 6.63 8.30 -40.82 -0.34 6.29 16 51 H 0.10 2.32 8.06 -52.48 -0.42 1.90 16 52 H 0.10 2.11 8.06 -52.49 -0.42 1.68 16 LS Contribution 428.42 15.07 6.46 6.46 Total: -1.00 -33.06 428.42 -9.39 -42.45 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: 16.62 SS G_CDS: -7.03 Total: 9.60 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: -9.19 SS G_CDS: -3.23 Total: -12.42 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: -31.71 SS G_CDS: 0.00 Total: -31.71 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -27.55 SS G_CDS: -0.56 Total: -28.11 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: 18.77 SS G_CDS: -5.03 Total: 13.74 kcal Total LS contribution 6.46 Total: 6.46 kcal Total: -33.06 -9.39 -42.45 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 52 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. ZINC000051373765.mol2 52 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -78.516 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -33.058 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -111.574 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy -9.394 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -42.452 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -120.968 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.76 seconds