Wall clock time and date at job start Tue Mar 31 2020 07:00:40 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= -1 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS WATER ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 C 2 2 C 1.52998 * 1 3 3 O 1.42902 * 109.47310 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.35987 * 117.00436 * 179.97438 * 3 2 1 5 5 C 1.38567 * 120.07357 * 0.02562 * 4 3 2 6 6 C 1.38238 * 120.00136 * 180.02562 * 5 4 3 7 7 C 1.38252 * 120.14602 * 359.97438 * 6 5 4 8 8 C 1.38243 * 120.14897 * 0.02562 * 7 6 5 9 9 C 1.38561 * 119.99684 * 359.97438 * 8 7 6 10 10 O 1.35996 * 120.07304 * 180.02562 * 9 8 7 11 11 C 1.42894 * 117.00225 * 5.47971 * 10 9 8 12 12 C 1.53117 * 109.52146 * 274.80449 * 11 10 9 13 13 C 1.53037 * 109.27884 * 182.43767 * 12 11 10 14 14 N 1.46847 * 109.52267 * 59.18058 * 13 12 11 15 15 C 1.46898 * 110.99918 * 174.16190 * 14 13 12 16 16 C 1.50701 * 109.46981 * 294.20693 * 15 14 13 17 17 O 1.21280 * 119.99993 * 359.97438 * 16 15 14 18 18 N 1.34786 * 120.00059 * 180.02562 * 16 15 14 19 19 C 1.46503 * 119.99636 * 359.97438 * 18 16 15 20 20 C 1.46492 * 120.00198 * 179.97438 * 18 16 15 21 21 C 1.50703 * 109.47155 * 89.99641 * 20 18 16 22 22 H 1.08007 * 119.99899 * 0.02562 * 21 20 18 23 23 C 1.37872 * 120.00471 * 179.97438 * 21 20 18 24 24 N 1.31518 * 119.99709 * 0.02562 * 23 21 20 25 25 Si 1.86796 * 120.00616 * 179.97438 * 23 21 20 26 26 H 1.48504 * 109.46646 * 60.00410 * 25 23 21 27 27 H 1.48499 * 109.47622 * 180.02562 * 25 23 21 28 28 H 1.48506 * 109.47276 * 300.00914 * 25 23 21 29 29 C 1.46847 * 111.19586 * 298.25600 * 14 13 12 30 30 C 1.53035 * 109.52436 * 61.74467 * 29 14 13 31 31 H 1.08993 * 109.47481 * 299.99947 * 1 2 3 32 32 H 1.09000 * 109.46764 * 60.00307 * 1 2 3 33 33 H 1.09004 * 109.46865 * 179.97438 * 1 2 3 34 34 H 1.08998 * 109.47893 * 239.99896 * 2 1 3 35 35 H 1.09004 * 109.47202 * 119.99898 * 2 1 3 36 36 H 1.08000 * 120.00056 * 359.97438 * 5 4 3 37 37 H 1.07999 * 119.92836 * 179.97438 * 6 5 4 38 38 H 1.08005 * 119.92649 * 179.74860 * 7 6 5 39 39 H 1.07998 * 120.00199 * 179.97438 * 8 7 6 40 40 H 1.09003 * 109.52197 * 34.98896 * 11 10 9 41 41 H 1.09000 * 109.50476 * 302.37805 * 12 11 10 42 42 H 1.08997 * 109.50418 * 62.49434 * 12 11 10 43 43 H 1.08996 * 109.46474 * 299.15797 * 13 12 11 44 44 H 1.09004 * 109.46154 * 179.19391 * 13 12 11 45 45 H 1.09000 * 109.47749 * 54.21010 * 15 14 13 46 46 H 1.09000 * 109.47510 * 174.20718 * 15 14 13 47 47 H 1.09002 * 109.47177 * 90.00186 * 19 18 16 48 48 H 1.09000 * 109.46653 * 210.00288 * 19 18 16 49 49 H 1.09003 * 109.47116 * 329.99825 * 19 18 16 50 50 H 1.08996 * 109.47709 * 209.99890 * 20 18 16 51 51 H 1.09007 * 109.47007 * 330.00336 * 20 18 16 52 52 H 0.97003 * 119.99995 * 179.97438 * 24 23 21 53 53 H 1.09005 * 109.46153 * 301.72904 * 29 14 13 54 54 H 1.09000 * 109.45200 * 181.75570 * 29 14 13 55 55 H 1.08996 * 109.50497 * 180.88380 * 30 29 14 56 56 H 1.08994 * 109.50219 * 60.76115 * 30 29 14 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 6 1.5300 0.0000 0.0000 3 8 2.0064 1.3473 0.0000 4 6 3.3545 1.5255 0.0005 5 6 4.2001 0.4277 0.0005 6 6 5.5703 0.6106 0.0016 7 6 6.1003 1.8875 0.0022 8 6 5.2624 2.9871 0.0022 9 6 3.8881 2.8108 0.0011 10 8 3.0623 3.8913 0.0006 11 6 3.6755 5.1763 -0.1203 12 6 4.1119 5.6673 1.2628 13 6 4.7124 7.0691 1.1351 14 7 3.7127 7.9812 0.5652 15 6 4.2067 9.3646 0.5563 16 6 4.3736 9.8476 1.9740 17 8 4.1068 9.1119 2.9006 18 7 4.8184 11.0974 2.2123 19 6 5.1402 11.9861 1.0930 20 6 4.9801 11.5671 3.5904 21 6 6.3738 11.2507 4.0687 22 1 7.0696 10.7502 3.4115 23 6 6.7610 11.6010 5.3447 24 7 5.9138 12.2110 6.1447 25 14 8.4882 11.2083 5.9378 26 1 9.4781 11.8873 5.0635 27 1 8.6522 11.6845 7.3348 28 1 8.7073 9.7404 5.8866 29 6 3.3134 7.5563 -0.7826 30 6 2.6711 6.1691 -0.7122 31 1 -0.3634 0.5138 0.8899 32 1 -0.3633 0.5138 -0.8900 33 1 -0.3633 -1.0277 -0.0005 34 1 1.8934 -0.5138 -0.8899 35 1 1.8933 -0.5138 0.8900 36 1 3.7886 -0.5708 0.0005 37 1 6.2282 -0.2458 0.0020 38 1 7.1714 2.0263 0.0071 39 1 5.6790 3.9835 0.0031 40 1 4.5452 5.1049 -0.7736 41 1 3.2479 5.7006 1.9264 42 1 4.8592 4.9870 1.6713 43 1 5.5846 7.0325 0.4825 44 1 5.0111 7.4273 2.1203 45 1 5.1678 9.4040 0.0435 46 1 3.4915 10.0026 0.0370 47 1 4.2520 12.5519 0.8113 48 1 5.9303 12.6751 1.3917 49 1 5.4777 11.3927 0.2432 50 1 4.8188 12.6443 3.6285 51 1 4.2538 11.0679 4.2320 52 1 6.1861 12.4571 7.0426 53 1 4.1922 7.5174 -1.4263 54 1 2.5959 8.2685 -1.1901 55 1 2.3892 5.8473 -1.7147 56 1 1.7844 6.2103 -0.0797 RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 72 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=-1 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=WATER ZINC000058340973.mol2 56 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Tue Mar 31 2020 07:00:40 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -93.896777 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -34822.154236 eV Core-core repulsion = 30310.441886 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -4511.712350 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 72 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 376.220 amu Computer time = 1.54 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -41.74371 -40.93656 -40.05490 -38.71565 -37.72582 -36.48292 -34.75516 -33.88380 -32.69791 -32.00677 -31.21921 -30.40863 -29.91071 -28.14578 -27.11089 -25.47816 -24.73252 -24.31587 -23.76888 -23.12658 -22.32210 -20.86795 -19.97751 -19.67634 -18.68394 -18.41377 -17.90568 -17.37693 -17.20140 -17.13776 -16.70720 -16.59228 -16.06658 -15.93393 -15.79840 -15.75722 -15.60327 -15.09086 -14.91800 -14.49618 -14.33691 -14.17363 -14.01850 -13.80407 -13.69493 -13.55342 -13.42783 -13.39220 -13.14471 -13.10043 -12.92747 -12.81980 -12.74601 -12.64660 -12.52320 -12.46419 -12.24899 -12.17073 -12.12659 -11.77503 -11.71858 -11.66734 -11.55723 -11.31617 -10.64461 -10.46050 -9.71883 -9.36741 -9.24038 -8.80728 -8.21915 -6.37100 0.28846 0.45515 1.35089 1.39696 1.46872 1.90507 2.15475 2.25911 2.26531 2.41217 2.74796 2.97629 3.07062 3.63859 3.68462 3.77253 3.81509 3.93785 3.96813 4.04047 4.05421 4.15780 4.19521 4.22224 4.25619 4.32432 4.38627 4.41471 4.44282 4.48918 4.50402 4.54667 4.65544 4.72950 4.76205 4.81764 4.86078 4.91772 4.92975 4.98163 4.99225 5.06139 5.10737 5.16920 5.22709 5.24528 5.28406 5.34004 5.52976 5.57263 5.75578 5.84861 5.95331 6.07086 6.15706 6.16786 6.64850 6.71173 6.85392 7.29393 7.57238 8.84622 Molecular weight = 376.22amu Principal moments of inertia in cm(-1) A = 0.011479 B = 0.001838 C = 0.001715 Principal moments of inertia in units of 10**(-40)*gram-cm**2 A = 2438.716513 B =15233.025062 C =16319.182610 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.150 4.150 2 C 0.045 3.955 3 O -0.333 6.333 4 C 0.077 3.923 5 C -0.175 4.175 6 C -0.119 4.119 7 C -0.122 4.122 8 C -0.182 4.182 9 C 0.076 3.924 10 O -0.317 6.317 11 C 0.091 3.909 12 C -0.128 4.128 13 C 0.062 3.938 14 N -0.545 5.545 15 C 0.054 3.946 16 C 0.492 3.508 17 O -0.580 6.580 18 N -0.614 5.614 19 C 0.079 3.921 20 C 0.261 3.739 21 C -0.540 4.540 22 H 0.053 0.947 23 C 0.005 3.995 24 N -0.929 5.929 25 Si 0.967 3.033 26 H -0.258 1.258 27 H -0.279 1.279 28 H -0.278 1.278 29 C 0.064 3.936 30 C -0.105 4.105 31 H 0.055 0.945 32 H 0.060 0.940 33 H 0.103 0.897 34 H 0.075 0.925 35 H 0.069 0.931 36 H 0.156 0.844 37 H 0.155 0.845 38 H 0.148 0.852 39 H 0.140 0.860 40 H 0.085 0.915 41 H 0.053 0.947 42 H 0.070 0.930 43 H 0.047 0.953 44 H 0.060 0.940 45 H 0.085 0.915 46 H 0.132 0.868 47 H 0.071 0.929 48 H 0.064 0.936 49 H 0.094 0.906 50 H 0.022 0.978 51 H -0.006 1.006 52 H 0.267 0.733 53 H 0.057 0.943 54 H 0.106 0.894 55 H 0.097 0.903 56 H 0.064 0.936 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -3.559 -22.388 -22.906 32.227 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.207 4.207 2 C -0.029 4.029 3 O -0.248 6.248 4 C 0.031 3.969 5 C -0.193 4.193 6 C -0.137 4.137 7 C -0.140 4.140 8 C -0.201 4.201 9 C 0.031 3.969 10 O -0.232 6.232 11 C 0.035 3.965 12 C -0.167 4.167 13 C -0.066 4.066 14 N -0.271 5.271 15 C -0.076 4.076 16 C 0.280 3.720 17 O -0.460 6.460 18 N -0.346 5.346 19 C -0.064 4.064 20 C 0.139 3.861 21 C -0.579 4.579 22 H 0.072 0.928 23 C -0.194 4.194 24 N -0.569 5.569 25 Si 0.791 3.209 26 H -0.183 1.183 27 H -0.204 1.204 28 H -0.204 1.204 29 C -0.062 4.062 30 C -0.143 4.143 31 H 0.074 0.926 32 H 0.079 0.921 33 H 0.122 0.878 34 H 0.094 0.906 35 H 0.088 0.912 36 H 0.174 0.826 37 H 0.173 0.827 38 H 0.166 0.834 39 H 0.158 0.842 40 H 0.103 0.897 41 H 0.072 0.928 42 H 0.088 0.912 43 H 0.065 0.935 44 H 0.079 0.921 45 H 0.103 0.897 46 H 0.150 0.850 47 H 0.089 0.911 48 H 0.083 0.917 49 H 0.113 0.887 50 H 0.040 0.960 51 H 0.012 0.988 52 H 0.075 0.925 53 H 0.076 0.924 54 H 0.124 0.876 55 H 0.115 0.885 56 H 0.083 0.917 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -4.515 -22.523 -21.952 31.773 hybrid contribution 1.524 0.154 0.842 1.748 sum -2.991 -22.369 -21.110 30.902 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.21799 0.91946 1.04108 1.02840 1.23056 0.96702 0.80895 1.02260 1.86159 1.18407 1.31064 1.89161 1.18571 0.83601 0.91725 1.02984 1.21386 0.94346 0.97734 1.05872 1.21244 0.94340 0.98107 0.99989 1.21233 1.00783 0.91803 1.00164 1.21349 0.90975 1.01438 1.06304 1.18653 0.89904 0.85683 1.02689 1.86188 1.35229 1.13481 1.88289 1.22575 0.97174 0.80604 0.96169 1.21999 1.01105 0.95821 0.97736 1.22005 0.92541 0.91748 1.00335 1.61461 1.41512 1.00840 1.23301 1.21957 1.02455 0.91054 0.92144 1.21305 0.76803 0.81357 0.92504 1.90623 1.51990 1.55495 1.47911 1.48198 1.64129 1.13834 1.08477 1.21934 1.01493 0.94560 0.88370 1.18699 0.95312 0.93519 0.78559 1.21666 0.98552 1.38487 0.99182 0.92839 1.25889 1.02107 0.94797 0.96608 1.70055 1.37141 1.41379 1.08293 0.85476 0.79325 0.78402 0.77652 1.18286 1.20427 1.20399 1.22158 1.00578 0.95974 0.87538 1.21604 0.98034 0.92559 1.02107 0.92608 0.92063 0.87827 0.90646 0.91248 0.82649 0.82733 0.83412 0.84214 0.89687 0.92770 0.91169 0.93501 0.92112 0.89725 0.85050 0.91073 0.91744 0.88713 0.96020 0.98766 0.92462 0.92443 0.87622 0.88487 0.91678 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 15. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 C -0.15 -1.80 10.28 71.98 0.74 -1.06 16 2 C 0.05 0.66 5.46 71.98 0.39 1.05 16 3 O -0.33 -8.08 9.92 -79.54 -0.79 -8.87 16 4 C 0.08 1.82 6.70 22.57 0.15 1.97 16 5 C -0.17 -3.03 9.04 22.35 0.20 -2.82 16 6 C -0.12 -1.80 10.04 22.27 0.22 -1.58 16 7 C -0.12 -2.08 10.04 22.27 0.22 -1.85 16 8 C -0.18 -3.89 8.28 22.35 0.19 -3.70 16 9 C 0.08 1.96 6.62 22.57 0.15 2.10 16 10 O -0.32 -8.93 9.59 -79.64 -0.76 -9.70 16 11 C 0.09 2.15 2.17 30.67 0.07 2.21 16 12 C -0.13 -3.70 5.38 30.65 0.16 -3.53 16 13 C 0.06 1.88 5.11 86.33 0.44 2.32 16 14 N -0.55 -15.34 4.40 -900.93 -3.96 -19.30 16 15 C 0.05 1.47 4.00 85.56 0.34 1.81 16 16 C 0.49 20.48 7.35 87.66 0.64 21.12 16 17 O -0.58 -30.72 13.91 -3.03 -0.04 -30.76 16 18 N -0.61 -26.01 2.86 -851.11 -2.43 -28.44 16 19 C 0.08 2.24 10.24 127.77 1.31 3.55 16 20 C 0.26 14.33 5.16 85.64 0.44 14.77 16 21 C -0.54 -31.48 9.39 25.60 0.24 -31.24 16 22 H 0.05 3.06 7.81 -2.91 -0.02 3.03 16 23 C 0.00 0.28 5.46 84.65 0.46 0.74 16 24 N -0.93 -57.19 13.29 21.45 0.28 -56.90 16 25 Si 0.97 45.39 29.54 68.60 2.03 47.41 16 26 H -0.26 -11.28 7.11 99.48 0.71 -10.57 16 27 H -0.28 -12.69 7.11 99.48 0.71 -11.99 16 28 H -0.28 -13.06 7.11 99.48 0.71 -12.36 16 29 C 0.06 1.21 5.46 86.32 0.47 1.68 16 30 C -0.11 -2.18 5.75 30.65 0.18 -2.01 16 31 H 0.05 0.80 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 0.78 16 32 H 0.06 0.79 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 0.77 16 33 H 0.10 0.66 8.14 -2.38 -0.02 0.64 16 34 H 0.08 0.82 7.66 -2.39 -0.02 0.80 16 35 H 0.07 0.84 7.66 -2.39 -0.02 0.83 16 36 H 0.16 1.79 6.30 -2.91 -0.02 1.77 16 37 H 0.16 1.37 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 1.34 16 38 H 0.15 1.79 8.06 -2.91 -0.02 1.76 16 39 H 0.14 2.74 5.41 -2.91 -0.02 2.72 16 40 H 0.09 1.70 6.32 -2.39 -0.02 1.68 16 41 H 0.05 1.88 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.86 16 42 H 0.07 1.95 6.92 -2.39 -0.02 1.94 16 43 H 0.05 1.20 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.18 16 44 H 0.06 2.46 5.78 -2.38 -0.01 2.45 16 45 H 0.09 1.86 7.38 -2.39 -0.02 1.84 16 46 H 0.13 2.68 7.95 -2.39 -0.02 2.66 16 47 H 0.07 1.67 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.65 16 48 H 0.06 1.97 8.07 -2.39 -0.02 1.95 16 49 H 0.09 1.95 6.44 -2.39 -0.02 1.93 16 50 H 0.02 1.21 8.07 -2.39 -0.02 1.19 16 51 H -0.01 -0.37 7.42 -2.38 -0.02 -0.39 16 52 H 0.27 15.42 8.31 -92.71 -0.77 14.65 16 53 H 0.06 0.85 8.14 -2.38 -0.02 0.83 16 54 H 0.11 1.56 8.02 -2.39 -0.02 1.54 16 55 H 0.10 1.60 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.58 16 56 H 0.06 1.62 8.14 -2.39 -0.02 1.60 16 Total: -1.00 -83.54 441.65 2.21 -81.33 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: 18.82 SS G_CDS: 0.86 Total: 19.68 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: -1.48 SS G_CDS: 7.03 Total: 5.55 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: -98.53 SS G_CDS: -6.11 Total: -104.64 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -47.74 SS G_CDS: -1.60 Total: -49.33 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: 45.39 SS G_CDS: 2.03 Total: 47.41 kcal Total: -83.54 2.21 -81.33 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 56 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. ZINC000058340973.mol2 56 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -12.566 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -83.543 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -96.110 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy 2.213 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -81.330 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -93.897 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 1.54 seconds