Wall clock time and date at job start Wed Apr 1 2020 04:48:51
AMSOL-version 7.1
by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers,
I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget,
B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar
Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota.
All rights reserved.
Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply
with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file.
*******************************************************************************
* 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION
* - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT)
* GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK
* TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED
* CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= -1
* AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED
* DEV - DEVELOPER OPTIONS ARE ALLOWED
* SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED
* - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A)
* - THE SOLVENT IS USER-SPECIFIED
* DIELEC - THE SOLVENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT IS 2.06
* IOFR - THE SOLVENT INDEX OF REFRACTION IS 1.4345
* ALPHA - THE SOLVENT ALPHA IS 0.00
* BETA - THE SOLVENT BETA IS 0.00
* GAMMA - THE SOLVENT MACROSCOPIC SURFACE TENSION IS
* 38.93 CAL MOL^-1 ANGSTROM^-2
* FACARB - THE FRACTION OF AROMATIC CARBONS IS 0.00
* FEHALO - THE FRACTION OF ELECTRONEGATIVE HALOGENS IS 0.00
*******************************************************************************
Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle
number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees)
(I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC
1 1 C
2 2 C 1.17403 * 1
3 3 C 1.47203 * 179.97438 * 2 1
4 4 N 1.46906 * 109.46968 * 202.28368 * 3 2 1
5 5 C 1.46897 * 110.99892 * 66.04590 * 4 3 2
6 6 C 1.38584 * 110.99663 * 190.00520 * 4 3 2
7 7 N 1.31217 * 126.47444 * 342.25759 * 6 4 3
8 8 N 1.28526 * 109.86244 * 180.02562 * 7 6 4
9 9 C 1.30301 * 110.04989 * 0.02562 * 8 7 6
10 10 C 1.50704 * 126.34347 * 180.02562 * 9 8 7
11 11 H 1.09001 * 109.46516 * 179.97438 * 10 9 8
12 12 C 1.52996 * 109.47457 * 299.96057 * 10 9 8
13 13 C 1.53001 * 109.46651 * 59.96371 * 10 9 8
14 14 C 1.50705 * 109.46833 * 174.99595 * 13 10 9
15 15 H 1.08000 * 119.99792 * 0.02562 * 14 13 10
16 16 C 1.37873 * 120.00049 * 179.97438 * 14 13 10
17 17 N 1.31517 * 119.99979 * 180.02562 * 16 14 13
18 18 Si 1.86799 * 119.99968 * 0.02562 * 16 14 13
19 19 H 1.48500 * 109.47400 * 90.00004 * 18 16 14
20 20 H 1.48505 * 109.47201 * 210.00183 * 18 16 14
21 21 H 1.48498 * 109.47142 * 329.99730 * 18 16 14
22 22 N 1.36451 * 126.47092 * 162.31094 * 6 4 3
23 23 C 1.46497 * 127.13724 * 359.69891 * 22 6 4
24 24 C 1.53004 * 109.47084 * 275.09856 * 23 22 6
25 25 H 1.08999 * 109.48372 * 54.73974 * 24 23 22
26 26 C 1.53089 * 109.48156 * 174.76735 * 24 23 22
27 27 C 1.53182 * 109.16310 * 177.59061 * 26 24 23
28 28 C 1.53182 * 109.03303 * 303.01913 * 27 26 24
29 29 C 1.53084 * 109.16769 * 56.97988 * 28 27 26
30 30 O 1.42906 * 109.42588 * 302.39865 * 29 28 27
31 31 H 4.40886 * 5.52210 * 180.02562 * 4 1 2
32 32 H 1.08999 * 109.47040 * 82.28307 * 3 2 1
33 33 H 1.08995 * 109.47227 * 322.28061 * 3 2 1
34 34 H 1.09004 * 109.46660 * 185.25799 * 5 4 3
35 35 H 1.08999 * 109.46982 * 305.26266 * 5 4 3
36 36 H 1.08996 * 109.47215 * 65.26749 * 5 4 3
37 37 H 1.09000 * 109.47251 * 179.97438 * 12 10 9
38 38 H 1.09001 * 109.47233 * 300.00302 * 12 10 9
39 39 H 1.09001 * 109.46781 * 60.00134 * 12 10 9
40 40 H 1.08996 * 109.47170 * 294.99271 * 13 10 9
41 41 H 1.08999 * 109.47366 * 55.00074 * 13 10 9
42 42 H 0.96999 * 119.99635 * 179.97438 * 17 16 14
43 43 H 1.09002 * 109.47219 * 35.09404 * 23 22 6
44 44 H 1.08997 * 109.47319 * 155.09427 * 23 22 6
45 45 H 1.08996 * 109.52368 * 297.49110 * 26 24 23
46 46 H 1.09001 * 109.52208 * 57.62047 * 26 24 23
47 47 H 1.09001 * 109.54279 * 62.88018 * 27 26 24
48 48 H 1.08996 * 109.54533 * 183.15610 * 27 26 24
49 49 H 1.09003 * 109.52280 * 176.88896 * 28 27 26
50 50 H 1.09008 * 109.52054 * 297.00638 * 28 27 26
51 51 H 1.09001 * 109.48100 * 62.37149 * 29 28 27
52 52 H 1.08995 * 109.48334 * 182.39609 * 29 28 27
Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized.
Cartesian coordinates (angstroms)
NO. Atom X Y Z
1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000
2 6 1.1740 0.0000 0.0000
3 6 2.6461 0.0007 0.0000
4 7 3.1351 1.2825 0.5252
5 6 2.7856 1.4381 1.9435
6 6 4.5019 1.4086 0.3337
7 7 5.3459 0.4381 0.0737
8 7 6.5346 0.9128 -0.0430
9 6 6.5197 2.2035 0.1348
10 6 7.7095 3.1267 0.0783
11 1 7.3846 4.1499 0.2666
12 6 8.7281 2.7115 1.1417
13 6 8.3548 3.0427 -1.3064
14 6 9.4678 4.0541 -1.4041
15 1 9.6926 4.6925 -0.5625
16 6 10.1996 4.1636 -2.5674
17 7 11.1713 5.0458 -2.6525
18 14 9.8111 3.0588 -4.0228
19 1 8.8014 3.7183 -4.8893
20 1 11.0504 2.8151 -4.8040
21 1 9.2729 1.7647 -3.5321
22 7 5.2242 2.5653 0.3809
23 6 4.7162 3.9154 0.6360
24 6 4.2119 4.5264 -0.6730
25 1 3.4776 3.8603 -1.1259
26 6 3.5627 5.8829 -0.3865
27 6 3.1147 6.5150 -1.7080
28 6 4.3245 6.6347 -2.6400
29 6 4.9443 5.2492 -2.8394
30 8 5.3103 4.7050 -1.5697
31 1 -1.0501 -0.0004 0.0000
32 1 3.0094 -0.1372 -1.0184
33 1 3.0098 -0.8120 0.6287
34 1 3.0764 2.4324 2.2823
35 1 1.7102 1.3115 2.0686
36 1 3.3109 0.6858 2.5318
37 1 9.5889 3.3789 1.1005
38 1 8.2684 2.7712 2.1282
39 1 9.0530 1.6881 0.9536
40 1 8.7588 2.0419 -1.4589
41 1 7.6055 3.2523 -2.0698
42 1 11.6864 5.1226 -3.4708
43 1 3.8968 3.8659 1.3531
44 1 5.5167 4.5343 1.0412
45 1 2.6979 5.7432 0.2619
46 1 4.2845 6.5357 0.1044
47 1 2.3561 5.8863 -2.1742
48 1 2.7023 7.5057 -1.5170
49 1 4.0045 7.0326 -3.6030
50 1 5.0615 7.3041 -2.1961
51 1 4.2196 4.5926 -3.3208
52 1 5.8309 5.3346 -3.4676
RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 66
REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN:
H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985)
C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985)
N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985)
O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985)
Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987).
REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2:
J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885.
REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL:
J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and
D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63
P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted.
CHARGE=-1 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R
& SOLVNT=GENORG IOFR=1.4345 ALPHA=0.00 BETA=0.00 GAMMA=38.93
& DIELEC=2.06 FACARB=0.00 FEHALO=0.00 DEV
ZINC001344289361.mol2 52
1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED
SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED
Wall clock time and date at job start Wed Apr 1 2020 04:48:51
Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = 88.543455 kcal
Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -32452.947033 eV
Core-core repulsion = 28455.658448 eV
Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -3997.288586 eV
No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 66
Molecular weight
(most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 346.211 amu
Computer time = 1.08 seconds
Orbital eigenvalues (eV)
-42.72384 -39.39601 -38.04838 -35.42734 -34.89839 -33.64821 -33.16086 -32.10477
-31.45103 -29.09305 -28.14409 -27.50014 -27.30672 -25.14475 -24.26225 -23.87604
-22.70831 -21.69257 -20.55968 -20.33076 -19.13332 -18.24542 -17.19982 -16.81932
-16.49750 -16.27370 -16.08208 -15.86313 -15.11999 -14.94131 -14.57762 -14.38471
-14.16836 -13.81234 -13.62258 -13.49121 -13.25179 -13.07569 -12.87543 -12.69559
-12.61384 -12.47084 -12.07408 -11.91338 -11.47096 -11.32936 -11.20761 -11.11440
-11.02972 -10.96177 -10.90019 -10.74654 -10.53283 -10.38081 -10.27806 -9.99878
-9.95278 -9.80750 -9.62572 -9.38785 -9.28829 -9.05667 -8.44786 -8.14308
-5.96926 -3.93084 2.02429 2.08722 2.58831 2.72926 3.22906 3.37963
3.46152 3.56707 3.68468 3.72475 4.13749 4.48913 4.54714 4.63065
4.66837 4.71048 4.74607 4.91011 4.93564 4.99914 5.07488 5.09889
5.19125 5.25770 5.35808 5.38373 5.43102 5.46804 5.50971 5.56047
5.64907 5.66208 5.67156 5.74112 5.80344 5.91610 6.00777 6.06371
6.09244 6.17574 6.20376 6.31100 6.44660 6.72725 6.76036 6.85909
7.07188 7.28514 7.32119 7.35931 7.40321 7.55468 7.86352 8.59079
9.06635 9.13898 9.66735 11.16093
Molecular weight = 346.21amu
Principal moments of inertia in cm(-1)
A = 0.009686 B = 0.004199 C = 0.003466
Principal moments of inertia in units of 10**(-40)*gram-cm**2
A = 2890.169632 B = 6667.342694 C = 8075.887292
Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions
calculated with CM2
Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons
1 C -0.193 4.193
2 C -0.179 4.179
3 C 0.180 3.820
4 N -0.454 5.454
5 C 0.025 3.975
6 C 0.323 3.677
7 N -0.319 5.319
8 N -0.291 5.291
9 C 0.232 3.768
10 C 0.012 3.988
11 H 0.081 0.919
12 C -0.130 4.130
13 C 0.006 3.994
14 C -0.508 4.508
15 H 0.074 0.926
16 C 0.070 3.930
17 N -0.905 5.905
18 Si 0.871 3.129
19 H -0.280 1.280
20 H -0.289 1.289
21 H -0.262 1.262
22 N -0.468 5.468
23 C 0.120 3.880
24 C 0.075 3.925
25 H 0.066 0.934
26 C -0.146 4.146
27 C -0.118 4.118
28 C -0.157 4.157
29 C 0.064 3.936
30 O -0.355 6.355
31 H 0.219 0.781
32 H 0.108 0.892
33 H 0.080 0.920
34 H 0.071 0.929
35 H 0.084 0.916
36 H 0.043 0.957
37 H 0.079 0.921
38 H 0.031 0.969
39 H 0.059 0.941
40 H 0.025 0.975
41 H 0.017 0.983
42 H 0.261 0.739
43 H 0.102 0.898
44 H 0.106 0.894
45 H 0.072 0.928
46 H 0.077 0.923
47 H 0.061 0.939
48 H 0.067 0.933
49 H 0.071 0.929
50 H 0.076 0.924
51 H 0.043 0.957
52 H 0.100 0.900
For the charges calculated by CM2:
Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total
from point charges -22.881 -0.353 7.590 24.109
Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not
used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness.
The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating
solvation energies.
Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions
using Mulliken population analysis
Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons
1 C -0.211 4.211
2 C -0.179 4.179
3 C 0.054 3.946
4 N -0.178 5.178
5 C -0.123 4.123
6 C -0.033 4.033
7 N -0.163 5.163
8 N -0.129 5.129
9 C -0.036 4.036
10 C -0.009 4.009
11 H 0.099 0.901
12 C -0.188 4.188
13 C -0.032 4.032
14 C -0.546 4.546
15 H 0.092 0.908
16 C -0.130 4.130
17 N -0.545 5.545
18 Si 0.698 3.302
19 H -0.206 1.206
20 H -0.215 1.215
21 H -0.186 1.186
22 N -0.162 5.162
23 C -0.003 4.003
24 C 0.016 3.984
25 H 0.084 0.916
26 C -0.184 4.184
27 C -0.155 4.155
28 C -0.195 4.195
29 C -0.013 4.013
30 O -0.274 6.274
31 H 0.236 0.764
32 H 0.126 0.874
33 H 0.098 0.902
34 H 0.090 0.910
35 H 0.103 0.897
36 H 0.062 0.938
37 H 0.098 0.902
38 H 0.051 0.949
39 H 0.078 0.922
40 H 0.043 0.957
41 H 0.035 0.965
42 H 0.071 0.929
43 H 0.120 0.880
44 H 0.124 0.876
45 H 0.091 0.909
46 H 0.095 0.905
47 H 0.080 0.920
48 H 0.086 0.914
49 H 0.090 0.910
50 H 0.095 0.905
51 H 0.062 0.938
52 H 0.118 0.882
Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total
from point charges -22.253 -1.366 7.013 23.372
hybrid contribution -0.983 0.423 -0.445 1.159
sum -23.236 -0.943 6.568 24.165
Atomic orbital electron populations
1.24875 0.95768 0.99372 1.01080 1.22729 0.93900 1.00944 1.00345
1.18831 0.84387 0.88630 1.02707 1.58532 1.05767 1.34878 1.18613
1.22567 1.02325 1.02099 0.85291 1.22157 0.90049 0.84100 1.07026
1.74526 0.96431 1.24196 1.21166 1.74017 1.12666 1.06427 1.19768
1.25605 0.85075 0.93891 0.98985 1.19722 0.87109 0.93882 1.00162
0.90112 1.21727 0.99048 1.02815 0.95177 1.19523 0.95687 0.98037
0.89943 1.21022 1.14288 1.18569 1.00683 0.90751 1.24898 0.94776
0.95022 0.98329 1.69905 1.21567 1.35406 1.27607 0.86904 0.77642
0.82518 0.83088 1.20567 1.21543 1.18619 1.46128 1.08056 1.07363
1.54631 1.21931 1.01228 0.80193 0.96991 1.22373 0.89864 0.95583
0.90556 0.91637 1.22124 1.01024 0.96828 0.98464 1.21536 0.97721
1.00924 0.95362 1.22207 0.98156 0.98869 1.00219 1.22559 1.00699
0.92535 0.85519 1.88160 1.30807 1.83655 1.24753 0.76448 0.87395
0.90243 0.91007 0.89713 0.93825 0.90214 0.94946 0.92227 0.95665
0.96462 0.92895 0.87958 0.87560 0.90936 0.90452 0.92028 0.91422
0.91049 0.90535 0.93831 0.88155
Number of geometries 1
Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1
The total number of SCF iterations 13.
Note: The number of geometries may not
correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes.
In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS.
Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M
number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value
1 C -0.19 -1.62 19.25 29.55 0.57 -1.05 16
2 C -0.18 -1.85 12.36 -37.12 -0.46 -2.31 16
3 C 0.18 2.10 4.87 -6.61 -0.03 2.06 16
4 N -0.45 -5.58 4.75 -185.73 -0.88 -6.47 16
5 C 0.02 0.23 9.31 60.06 0.56 0.79 16
6 C 0.32 5.10 6.89 -318.87 -2.20 2.91 16
7 N -0.32 -6.06 11.44 30.31 0.35 -5.71 16
8 N -0.29 -6.16 12.18 32.99 0.40 -5.76 16
9 C 0.23 4.48 6.58 -154.01 -1.01 3.47 16
10 C 0.01 0.25 2.70 -91.77 -0.25 0.00 16
11 H 0.08 1.58 6.83 -51.93 -0.35 1.23 16
12 C -0.13 -2.46 8.99 37.16 0.33 -2.13 16
13 C 0.01 0.16 3.50 -27.88 -0.10 0.06 16
14 C -0.51 -14.07 8.96 -34.44 -0.31 -14.38 16
15 H 0.07 2.16 7.30 -52.49 -0.38 1.78 16
16 C 0.07 2.04 5.47 -17.82 -0.10 1.94 16
17 N -0.91 -27.63 13.96 55.43 0.77 -26.86 16
18 Si 0.87 22.35 27.47 -169.99 -4.67 17.68 16
19 H -0.28 -7.01 7.11 56.52 0.40 -6.61 16
20 H -0.29 -7.36 7.11 56.52 0.40 -6.95 16
21 H -0.26 -6.73 6.54 56.52 0.37 -6.36 16
22 N -0.47 -7.43 2.76 -114.08 -0.31 -7.75 16
23 C 0.12 1.46 5.64 -4.04 -0.02 1.43 16
24 C 0.08 0.94 2.89 -26.68 -0.08 0.87 16
25 H 0.07 0.88 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.45 16
26 C -0.15 -1.39 5.42 -26.59 -0.14 -1.53 16
27 C -0.12 -1.10 6.03 -26.54 -0.16 -1.26 16
28 C -0.16 -1.75 6.14 -26.59 -0.16 -1.91 16
29 C 0.06 0.90 6.84 37.20 0.25 1.16 16
30 O -0.36 -5.78 10.36 -35.23 -0.36 -6.14 16
31 H 0.22 1.03 7.80 -54.08 -0.42 0.61 16
32 H 0.11 1.38 8.01 -51.93 -0.42 0.96 16
33 H 0.08 0.90 8.12 -51.93 -0.42 0.48 16
34 H 0.07 0.60 6.26 -51.93 -0.33 0.28 16
35 H 0.08 0.67 7.13 -51.93 -0.37 0.30 16
36 H 0.04 0.43 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.01 16
37 H 0.08 1.59 6.95 -51.93 -0.36 1.23 16
38 H 0.03 0.52 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.10 16
39 H 0.06 1.17 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.75 16
40 H 0.03 0.66 7.20 -51.93 -0.37 0.28 16
41 H 0.02 0.44 7.57 -51.93 -0.39 0.04 16
42 H 0.26 7.54 8.31 -40.82 -0.34 7.20 16
43 H 0.10 0.93 6.21 -51.93 -0.32 0.61 16
44 H 0.11 1.27 7.02 -51.93 -0.36 0.91 16
45 H 0.07 0.54 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.12 16
46 H 0.08 0.75 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.33 16
47 H 0.06 0.56 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.14 16
48 H 0.07 0.54 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.12 16
49 H 0.07 0.70 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.27 16
50 H 0.08 0.92 8.14 -51.92 -0.42 0.49 16
51 H 0.04 0.58 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.16 16
52 H 0.10 1.56 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 1.14 16
LS Contribution 417.92 15.07 6.30 6.30
Total: -1.00 -34.06 417.92 -10.46 -44.52
By element:
Atomic # 1 Polarization: 8.82 SS G_CDS: -8.75 Total: 0.07 kcal
Atomic # 6 Polarization: -6.58 SS G_CDS: -3.30 Total: -9.89 kcal
Atomic # 7 Polarization: -52.87 SS G_CDS: 0.32 Total: -52.54 kcal
Atomic # 8 Polarization: -5.78 SS G_CDS: -0.36 Total: -6.14 kcal
Atomic # 14 Polarization: 22.35 SS G_CDS: -4.67 Total: 17.68 kcal
Total LS contribution 6.30 Total: 6.30 kcal
Total: -34.06 -10.46 -44.52 kcal
The number of atoms in the molecule is 52
The average number of expansion shells was 16.00
The maximum number of expansion shells was 16
The minimum number of expansion shells was 16
**** NOTA BENE ****
This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure
(nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be
obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation
for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system.
ZINC001344289361.mol2 52
1SCF run
This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated
without geometric relaxation in solution:
(1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute 133.063 kcal
(2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -34.056 kcal
(3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system 99.006 kcal
(4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy -10.463 kcal
(5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -44.519 kcal
(6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) 88.543 kcal
1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED
Total computer time = 1.09 seconds