Wall clock time and date at job start Sat Apr 11 2020 06:10:51 AMSOL-version 7.1 by G. D. Hawkins, D. J. Giesen, G. C. Lynch, C. C. Chambers, I. Rossi, J. W. Storer, J. Li, J. D. Thompson, P. Winget, B. J. Lynch, D. Rinaldi, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar Copyright 2004 by Regents of the University of Minnesota. All rights reserved. Notice: recipients of this code are asked to comply with the user agreement in Section 1 of the documentation file. ******************************************************************************* * 1SCF - SCF CALCULATION WITHOUT GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION * - USE EF ROUTINE FOR MINIMUM SEARCH (DEFAULT) * GEO-OK - OVERRIDE INTERATOMIC DISTANCE CHECK * TLIMIT= - A TIME OF 15. SECONDS REQUESTED * CHARGE - CHARGE ON SYSTEM= -1 * AM1 - THE AM1 HAMILTONIAN TO BE USED * DEV - DEVELOPER OPTIONS ARE ALLOWED * SM5.42R - SM5.42R CALCULATIONS WILL BE PERFORMED * - CHARGE MODEL 2 WILL BE USED (CM2A) * - THE SOLVENT IS USER-SPECIFIED * DIELEC - THE SOLVENT DIELECTRIC CONSTANT IS 2.06 * IOFR - THE SOLVENT INDEX OF REFRACTION IS 1.4345 * ALPHA - THE SOLVENT ALPHA IS 0.00 * BETA - THE SOLVENT BETA IS 0.00 * GAMMA - THE SOLVENT MACROSCOPIC SURFACE TENSION IS * 38.93 CAL MOL^-1 ANGSTROM^-2 * FACARB - THE FRACTION OF AROMATIC CARBONS IS 0.00 * FEHALO - THE FRACTION OF ELECTRONEGATIVE HALOGENS IS 0.00 ******************************************************************************* Atom NO. Chemical Bond length Bond angle Dihedral angle number (k) symbol (angstroms) (degrees) (degrees) (I) NA:I NB:NA:I NC:NB:NA:I NA NB NC 1 1 C 2 2 C 1.52997 * 1 3 3 O 1.42905 * 109.47264 * 2 1 4 4 C 1.42893 * 114.00274 * 179.97438 * 3 2 1 5 5 H 1.09008 * 109.47214 * 29.99871 * 4 3 2 6 6 C 1.50703 * 109.47218 * 270.00111 * 4 3 2 7 7 O 1.21283 * 120.00093 * 354.99791 * 6 4 3 8 8 N 1.34777 * 120.00177 * 174.99818 * 6 4 3 9 9 C 1.46497 * 120.00108 * 180.02562 * 8 6 4 10 10 H 1.08996 * 110.64240 * 328.13776 * 9 8 6 11 11 C 1.55154 * 110.72110 * 91.47980 * 9 8 6 12 12 C 1.54913 * 101.58268 * 153.86395 * 11 9 8 13 13 N 1.47426 * 104.83137 * 322.98994 * 12 11 9 14 14 C 1.36934 * 125.64673 * 204.16440 * 13 12 11 15 15 H 1.08000 * 120.00262 * 179.97438 * 14 13 12 16 16 C 1.38813 * 119.99994 * 359.95609 * 14 13 12 17 17 N 1.31615 * 120.00089 * 0.02562 * 16 14 13 18 18 Si 1.86803 * 119.99921 * 179.97438 * 16 14 13 19 19 H 1.48502 * 109.46900 * 60.00382 * 18 16 14 20 20 H 1.48502 * 109.47150 * 179.97438 * 18 16 14 21 21 H 1.48493 * 109.47048 * 300.00289 * 18 16 14 22 22 C 1.47023 * 108.70234 * 24.12746 * 13 12 11 23 23 H 1.09003 * 109.88137 * 239.52003 * 22 13 12 24 24 C 1.53003 * 110.00702 * 118.43325 * 22 13 12 25 25 C 1.53001 * 109.47403 * 150.00031 * 4 3 2 26 26 C 1.53175 * 109.54360 * 59.55519 * 25 4 3 27 27 C 1.53083 * 109.16460 * 183.15327 * 26 25 4 28 28 O 1.42902 * 109.41465 * 57.61254 * 27 26 25 29 29 C 1.42907 * 114.09469 * 298.83896 * 28 27 26 30 30 C 1.53093 * 109.41294 * 61.15972 * 29 28 27 31 31 H 1.09002 * 109.47153 * 179.97438 * 1 2 3 32 32 H 1.09001 * 109.46832 * 60.00108 * 1 2 3 33 33 H 1.09004 * 109.47261 * 300.00089 * 1 2 3 34 34 H 1.08998 * 109.47533 * 119.99712 * 2 1 3 35 35 H 1.08996 * 109.47853 * 240.00055 * 2 1 3 36 36 H 0.97003 * 119.99660 * 0.02562 * 8 6 4 37 37 H 1.08999 * 111.00569 * 271.93668 * 11 9 8 38 38 H 1.09000 * 111.00434 * 35.79260 * 11 9 8 39 39 H 1.08999 * 110.36648 * 204.15133 * 12 11 9 40 40 H 1.09002 * 110.46012 * 81.87704 * 12 11 9 41 41 H 0.97010 * 120.00264 * 179.97438 * 17 16 14 42 42 H 1.08999 * 109.46908 * 302.10831 * 24 22 13 43 43 H 1.08993 * 109.47527 * 62.11410 * 24 22 13 44 44 H 1.09002 * 109.46801 * 182.11760 * 24 22 13 45 45 H 1.09003 * 109.54376 * 179.82387 * 25 4 3 46 46 H 1.09000 * 109.52159 * 303.06375 * 26 25 4 47 47 H 1.09000 * 109.51984 * 63.24518 * 26 25 4 48 48 H 1.08999 * 109.48289 * 297.62557 * 27 26 25 49 49 H 1.09004 * 109.49158 * 177.59933 * 27 26 25 50 50 H 1.08992 * 109.48220 * 301.17493 * 29 28 27 51 51 H 1.09004 * 109.48742 * 181.14592 * 29 28 27 52 52 H 1.09001 * 109.52019 * 182.48363 * 30 29 28 53 53 H 1.08998 * 109.57421 * 62.33004 * 30 29 28 Note: An asterisk (*) indicates this parameter was or will be optimized. Cartesian coordinates (angstroms) NO. Atom X Y Z 1 6 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2 6 1.5300 0.0000 0.0000 3 8 2.0064 1.3473 0.0000 4 6 3.4308 1.4602 0.0006 5 1 3.8636 0.6015 -0.5130 6 6 3.9310 1.5000 1.4216 7 8 3.1415 1.5295 2.3418 8 7 5.2557 1.5030 1.6700 9 6 5.7419 1.5411 3.0514 10 1 5.0540 2.1002 3.6855 11 6 5.9549 0.1049 3.5983 12 6 7.0407 0.3409 4.6776 13 7 7.9211 1.3766 4.1071 14 6 9.2318 1.5845 4.4448 15 1 9.7941 2.3730 3.9669 16 6 9.8376 0.7820 5.4019 17 7 9.1524 -0.1790 5.9843 18 14 11.6257 1.0651 5.8622 19 1 11.7879 2.4422 6.3938 20 1 12.0312 0.0835 6.9000 21 1 12.4794 0.8953 4.6590 22 6 7.1591 2.1487 3.1147 23 1 7.6387 2.0736 2.1388 24 6 7.0779 3.6154 3.5428 25 6 3.8409 2.7457 -0.7207 26 6 3.2246 3.9527 -0.0068 27 6 3.5749 5.2266 -0.7801 28 8 3.1017 5.1120 -2.1236 29 6 3.6794 4.0290 -2.8553 30 6 3.3333 2.7069 -2.1653 31 1 -0.3633 -1.0277 -0.0005 32 1 -0.3633 0.5138 -0.8900 33 1 -0.3634 0.5139 0.8900 34 1 1.8934 -0.5138 0.8900 35 1 1.8934 -0.5138 -0.8899 36 1 5.8872 1.4798 0.9339 37 1 5.0390 -0.2833 4.0439 38 1 6.3197 -0.5609 2.8162 39 1 7.6015 -0.5761 4.8585 40 1 6.5873 0.6961 5.6030 41 1 9.5758 -0.7401 6.6529 42 1 6.6138 3.6815 4.5268 43 1 8.0818 4.0377 3.5853 44 1 6.4799 4.1719 2.8210 45 1 4.9273 2.8345 -0.7182 46 1 2.1415 3.8376 0.0342 47 1 3.6232 4.0197 1.0054 48 1 4.6564 5.3625 -0.7859 49 1 3.1033 6.0844 -0.3005 50 1 4.7622 4.1492 -2.8883 51 1 3.2831 4.0237 -3.8707 52 1 3.8097 1.8830 -2.6968 53 1 2.2525 2.5655 -2.1680 RHF calculation, no. of doubly occupied orbitals= 66 REFERENCES FOR PARAMETERS IN GAS-PHASE HAMILTONIAN: H: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) C: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) N: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) O: (AM1): M.J.S. DEWAR ET AL, J. AM. CHEM. SOC. 107 3902-3909 (1985) Si: (AM1): M.J.S.DEWAR, C. JIE, ORGANOMETALLICS, 6, 1486-1490 (1987). REFERENCE FOR CHARGE MODEL 2: J. Li, J. Xing, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, J. Chem. Phys. 111 (1999) 885. REFERENCE FOR THE PARAMETERIZATION OF THE SM5.42R SOLVATION MODEL: J. Li, T. Zhu, G. D. Hawkins, P. Winget, D. A. Liotard, C. J. Cramer, and D. G. Truhlar, Theor. Chem. Acc. 103 (1999) 9-63 P. Winget, J. D. Thompson C. J. Cramer,and D. G. Truhlar, J. Phys. Chem. B. submitted. CHARGE=-1 AM1 1SCF TLIMIT=15 GEO-OK SM5.42R & SOLVNT=GENORG IOFR=1.4345 ALPHA=0.00 BETA=0.00 GAMMA=38.93 & DIELEC=2.06 FACARB=0.00 FEHALO=0.00 DEV ZINC001566098227.mol2 53 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED SCF FIELD WAS ACHIEVED Wall clock time and date at job start Sat Apr 11 2020 06:10:51 Heat of formation + Delta-G solvation = -114.022410 kcal Electronic energy + Delta-G solvation = -31857.094408 eV Core-core repulsion = 27729.187767 eV Total energy + Delta-G solvation = -4127.906641 eV No. of doubly occupied orbitals = 66 Molecular weight (most abundant/longest-lived isotopes) = 340.220 amu Computer time = 0.72 seconds Orbital eigenvalues (eV) -40.57439 -39.15173 -38.11795 -37.07142 -34.63767 -33.90468 -32.03003 -31.34048 -31.23246 -30.41722 -29.01822 -27.76913 -24.92318 -24.04184 -23.83670 -23.47508 -22.95958 -20.75704 -20.33878 -20.04814 -19.65141 -17.38731 -17.13590 -16.76925 -16.49220 -16.09271 -15.78925 -15.35052 -15.05234 -14.88328 -14.69314 -14.36089 -14.07735 -13.98727 -13.84978 -13.52444 -13.29552 -12.82963 -12.62247 -12.51061 -12.20579 -12.17850 -12.06742 -11.89900 -11.61102 -11.50019 -11.44770 -11.29372 -11.18418 -10.96922 -10.87885 -10.83377 -10.61282 -10.46367 -10.44828 -10.32279 -10.15454 -9.79448 -9.77231 -9.61639 -9.13917 -8.71281 -8.63370 -6.91396 -5.68786 -3.11907 2.68818 3.10649 3.37330 3.41817 3.43188 3.56575 3.67836 4.33206 4.36992 4.45811 4.57793 4.76108 4.78610 4.86156 4.94728 5.03817 5.07083 5.18943 5.22636 5.26845 5.28003 5.38805 5.39959 5.41947 5.46926 5.51585 5.53353 5.59418 5.66922 5.77009 5.78931 5.82148 5.94616 5.96850 6.08317 6.19549 6.21403 6.27140 6.31587 6.49129 6.56598 6.66761 6.83303 6.89070 6.98664 7.09160 7.47940 7.58456 7.68944 7.81476 8.30698 8.38001 9.16997 9.78029 10.41801 11.34437 Molecular weight = 340.22amu Principal moments of inertia in cm(-1) A = 0.014749 B = 0.002878 C = 0.002540 Principal moments of inertia in units of 10**(-40)*gram-cm**2 A = 1897.932562 B = 9726.431813 C =11021.933585 Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions calculated with CM2 Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.148 4.148 2 C 0.055 3.945 3 O -0.350 6.350 4 C 0.081 3.919 5 H 0.084 0.916 6 C 0.490 3.510 7 O -0.525 6.525 8 N -0.714 5.714 9 C 0.135 3.865 10 H 0.093 0.907 11 C -0.153 4.153 12 C 0.153 3.847 13 N -0.595 5.595 14 C -0.222 4.222 15 H 0.077 0.923 16 C -0.009 4.009 17 N -0.921 5.921 18 Si 0.914 3.086 19 H -0.285 1.285 20 H -0.290 1.290 21 H -0.285 1.285 22 C 0.156 3.844 23 H 0.035 0.965 24 C -0.155 4.155 25 C -0.079 4.079 26 C -0.148 4.148 27 C 0.062 3.938 28 O -0.383 6.383 29 C 0.061 3.939 30 C -0.148 4.148 31 H 0.069 0.931 32 H 0.061 0.939 33 H 0.065 0.935 34 H 0.052 0.948 35 H 0.046 0.954 36 H 0.396 0.604 37 H 0.060 0.940 38 H 0.061 0.939 39 H 0.109 0.891 40 H 0.014 0.986 41 H 0.253 0.747 42 H 0.051 0.949 43 H 0.054 0.946 44 H 0.037 0.963 45 H 0.087 0.913 46 H 0.084 0.916 47 H 0.074 0.926 48 H 0.050 0.950 49 H 0.094 0.906 50 H 0.050 0.950 51 H 0.093 0.907 52 H 0.072 0.928 53 H 0.083 0.917 For the charges calculated by CM2: Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -13.067 3.438 -17.962 22.476 Note: The Mulliken population analysis charges presented below were not used in the solvation calculation but are provided for completeness. The chosen solvation model uses CM2 partial charges for calculating solvation energies. Net atomic charges, atomic populations, and dipole contributions using Mulliken population analysis Atom NO. Type Charge No. of electrons 1 C -0.205 4.205 2 C -0.022 4.022 3 O -0.268 6.268 4 C 0.019 3.981 5 H 0.101 0.899 6 C 0.275 3.725 7 O -0.401 6.401 8 N -0.367 5.367 9 C 0.030 3.970 10 H 0.111 0.889 11 C -0.193 4.193 12 C 0.028 3.972 13 N -0.320 5.320 14 C -0.350 4.350 15 H 0.095 0.905 16 C -0.205 4.205 17 N -0.569 5.569 18 Si 0.745 3.255 19 H -0.212 1.212 20 H -0.216 1.216 21 H -0.212 1.212 22 C 0.048 3.952 23 H 0.052 0.948 24 C -0.214 4.214 25 C -0.098 4.098 26 C -0.186 4.186 27 C -0.015 4.015 28 O -0.302 6.302 29 C -0.015 4.015 30 C -0.186 4.186 31 H 0.088 0.912 32 H 0.080 0.920 33 H 0.084 0.916 34 H 0.070 0.930 35 H 0.065 0.935 36 H 0.230 0.770 37 H 0.079 0.921 38 H 0.079 0.921 39 H 0.127 0.873 40 H 0.032 0.968 41 H 0.064 0.936 42 H 0.071 0.929 43 H 0.073 0.927 44 H 0.056 0.944 45 H 0.105 0.895 46 H 0.103 0.897 47 H 0.093 0.907 48 H 0.069 0.931 49 H 0.112 0.888 50 H 0.068 0.932 51 H 0.111 0.889 52 H 0.091 0.909 53 H 0.102 0.898 Dipole moment (debyes) X Y Z Total from point charges -13.756 3.640 -17.203 22.325 hybrid contribution 1.672 -0.371 0.217 1.726 sum -12.085 3.270 -16.986 21.101 Atomic orbital electron populations 1.21696 0.93494 1.02151 1.03150 1.22571 0.95915 0.83640 1.00044 1.87977 1.17927 1.26481 1.94381 1.22011 0.83829 0.99527 0.92728 0.89850 1.21184 0.82750 0.76789 0.91821 1.90710 1.55078 1.48398 1.45906 1.46136 1.06556 1.74649 1.09344 1.22152 0.95617 0.97980 0.81202 0.88895 1.23391 1.00227 0.95134 1.00515 1.21943 0.88637 0.95834 0.90776 1.44478 1.08287 1.34973 1.44274 1.18973 0.85006 1.13294 1.17747 0.90516 1.24786 0.98455 0.98337 0.98924 1.69783 1.35031 1.21908 1.30204 0.86161 0.84245 0.77276 0.77844 1.21208 1.21572 1.21173 1.20987 0.89433 0.91054 0.93763 0.94793 1.22234 1.01081 0.97615 1.00500 1.21296 1.00300 0.93140 0.95072 1.22174 1.03180 0.93846 0.99351 1.22599 0.98730 0.97823 0.82347 1.87932 1.67566 1.50103 1.24620 1.22557 0.97590 0.85945 0.95447 1.22205 1.03417 0.98353 0.94591 0.91188 0.92022 0.91567 0.92973 0.93538 0.77023 0.92136 0.92063 0.87348 0.96773 0.93618 0.92946 0.92733 0.94376 0.89470 0.89703 0.90696 0.93129 0.88767 0.93194 0.88900 0.90924 0.89815 Number of geometries 1 Number of calculations of the screened coulomb radii 1 The total number of SCF iterations 14. Note: The number of geometries may not correspond to the number of cycles due to rejected geometry changes. In the following table subtotal= G_P + SS G_CDS. Atom Chem. CM2 G_P Area Sigma k SS G_CDS Subtotal M number symbol chg. (kcal) (Ang**2) cal/(Ang**2) (kcal) (kcal) value 1 C -0.15 -1.31 10.28 37.16 0.38 -0.93 16 2 C 0.05 0.57 6.46 37.16 0.24 0.81 16 3 O -0.35 -4.26 8.07 -55.09 -0.44 -4.71 16 4 C 0.08 0.89 2.26 -27.88 -0.06 0.82 16 5 H 0.08 0.74 7.79 -51.92 -0.40 0.34 16 6 C 0.49 7.07 5.96 -10.98 -0.07 7.01 16 7 O -0.53 -9.81 16.15 -14.30 -0.23 -10.04 16 8 N -0.71 -10.00 5.14 -52.03 -0.27 -10.27 16 9 C 0.13 2.40 2.85 -66.10 -0.19 2.21 16 10 H 0.09 1.81 7.25 -51.93 -0.38 1.44 16 11 C -0.15 -2.98 6.77 -24.58 -0.17 -3.15 16 12 C 0.15 3.69 5.89 -2.53 -0.01 3.67 16 13 N -0.59 -14.57 3.13 -162.57 -0.51 -15.08 16 14 C -0.22 -5.95 9.90 -15.06 -0.15 -6.10 16 15 H 0.08 1.98 7.83 -52.49 -0.41 1.57 16 16 C -0.01 -0.26 5.49 -17.43 -0.10 -0.35 16 17 N -0.92 -26.37 10.09 55.49 0.56 -25.81 16 18 Si 0.91 21.63 29.55 -169.99 -5.02 16.61 16 19 H -0.29 -6.70 7.11 56.52 0.40 -6.30 16 20 H -0.29 -6.94 7.11 56.52 0.40 -6.54 16 21 H -0.29 -6.62 7.11 56.52 0.40 -6.22 16 22 C 0.16 3.04 3.47 -66.95 -0.23 2.81 16 23 H 0.03 0.64 7.72 -51.93 -0.40 0.24 16 24 C -0.15 -2.82 9.14 37.16 0.34 -2.48 16 25 C -0.08 -0.74 2.13 -90.44 -0.19 -0.93 16 26 C -0.15 -1.60 5.01 -26.60 -0.13 -1.73 16 27 C 0.06 0.60 6.84 37.20 0.25 0.85 16 28 O -0.38 -4.08 10.77 -35.23 -0.38 -4.46 16 29 C 0.06 0.49 6.84 37.21 0.25 0.74 16 30 C -0.15 -1.17 5.32 -26.59 -0.14 -1.32 16 31 H 0.07 0.49 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.07 16 32 H 0.06 0.50 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.08 16 33 H 0.07 0.67 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.24 16 34 H 0.05 0.62 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.19 16 35 H 0.05 0.38 8.08 -51.93 -0.42 -0.03 16 36 H 0.40 4.53 8.15 -40.82 -0.33 4.19 16 37 H 0.06 1.16 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.73 16 38 H 0.06 1.15 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.73 16 39 H 0.11 2.92 5.87 -51.93 -0.30 2.62 16 40 H 0.01 0.37 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.05 16 41 H 0.25 7.08 8.31 -40.82 -0.34 6.74 16 42 H 0.05 1.01 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.59 16 43 H 0.05 1.02 8.05 -51.93 -0.42 0.60 16 44 H 0.04 0.58 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.16 16 45 H 0.09 0.71 7.92 -51.93 -0.41 0.30 16 46 H 0.08 1.06 7.59 -51.93 -0.39 0.66 16 47 H 0.07 0.92 7.36 -51.93 -0.38 0.54 16 48 H 0.05 0.45 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.02 16 49 H 0.09 0.84 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.42 16 50 H 0.05 0.35 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 -0.07 16 51 H 0.09 0.61 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.19 16 52 H 0.07 0.45 8.14 -51.93 -0.42 0.03 16 53 H 0.08 0.77 7.60 -51.93 -0.39 0.38 16 LS Contribution 412.33 15.07 6.21 6.21 Total: -1.00 -31.99 412.33 -9.76 -41.75 By element: Atomic # 1 Polarization: 13.56 SS G_CDS: -9.70 Total: 3.85 kcal Atomic # 6 Polarization: 1.91 SS G_CDS: 0.03 Total: 1.94 kcal Atomic # 7 Polarization: -50.94 SS G_CDS: -0.22 Total: -51.16 kcal Atomic # 8 Polarization: -18.15 SS G_CDS: -1.06 Total: -19.21 kcal Atomic # 14 Polarization: 21.63 SS G_CDS: -5.02 Total: 16.61 kcal Total LS contribution 6.21 Total: 6.21 kcal Total: -31.99 -9.76 -41.75 kcal The number of atoms in the molecule is 53 The average number of expansion shells was 16.00 The maximum number of expansion shells was 16 The minimum number of expansion shells was 16 **** NOTA BENE **** This is the net solvation energy for this exact molecular structure (nuclear and electronic)! The standard-state solvation energy should be obtained as the difference between the heat of formation plus delta-G solvation for the relaxed solvated system and that for the relaxed gas-phase system. ZINC001566098227.mol2 53 1SCF run This is a breakdown of the solvation energy calculated without geometric relaxation in solution: (1) E-EN(sol) electronic-nuclear energy of solute -72.274 kcal (2) G-P(sol) polarization free energy of solvation -31.992 kcal (3) G-ENP(sol) elect.-nuc.-pol. free energy of system -104.265 kcal (4) G-CDS(sol) cavity-dispersion-solvent structure free energy -9.757 kcal (5) G-P-CDS(sol) = G-P(sol) + G-CDS(sol) = (2) + (4) -41.748 kcal (6) G-S(sol) free energy of system = (1) + (5) -114.022 kcal 1SCF WAS SPECIFIED, SO GEOMETRY OPTIMIZATION WAS NOT USED Total computer time = 0.72 seconds